题干

学习关于物体的平衡条件时,小明同学提出了下列疑问:只受一个力作用的物体能保持平衡状态吗?只受两个力作用的物体一定保持平衡状态吗?物体处于平衡状态时一定只受两个力作用吗?为此他做了如图所示实验,研究物体处于平衡状态时的受力情况.

①他将一小球用一根细线悬挂起来,如图(a)所示,剪断细线后小球落下,如图(b)所示.

②他又将一小球用两根细线悬挂起来,如图(c)所示,剪断其中的一根细线,小球发生摆动,如图(d)所示.通过实验他的疑问得到解决.根据实验现象及相关条件,小明同学归纳得出的初步结论:

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    In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what “keeping up with the Joneses” is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.

    The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.

    It was like a race, but one could never finish his race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.

    Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States. “Keeping up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand's series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.

    People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.