题干

小明同学在一段时间的化学学习后梳理了以下知识:①自制简易净水器可将自来水变为纯净水;②原子核内不一定有中子;③在同一化合物中,金属元素一般显正价,则非金属元素一般显负价;④二氧化碳气体能使燃着的木条火焰熄灭,但能使火焰熄灭的气体不一定是二氧化碳⑤氧气可以支持燃烧,所以氧气可以做燃料;⑥只含有一种元素的物质一定是单质;⑦最外层电子数为8的粒子一定是稀有气体的原子.其中符合题意的个数是 (   )

A:2   

B:3   

C:4   

D:5

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

B

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    Mya Le Thai is a scientist studying at the University of California, Irvine. She recently discovered a process that may result in batteries that last forever. Thai said she had been discouraged that the batteries for her wireless devices degrade. Over time, they fail to charge fully.

    Thai did not like to have keep her wireless laptop connected to an electrical outlet. She decided to do something about that problem.

    At first, she and her team thought about inventing a new battery. But as they experimented, Thai discovered something that might permit lithium-ion(锂离子) batteries to last forever. Lithium-ion batteries power most wireless devices. Over time, the batteries lose the ability to hold a charge. Most of these batteries have a life span of about 7,000 charging cycles before they die.

    One of the reasons lithium-ion batteries degrade is their use of nanowires(纳米线) to carry electricity. Nanowires are extremely thin. A human hair is thousands of times thicker, for example. Nanowires are extremely efficient carriers of electricity, which makes them useful in batteries. But Thai said their thinness also makes them weak. "Nanowires break over time," she said. "That's why they lose capacity."

    But, Thai had a theory: The nanowires might last longer if covered with a material. She and the team tested her theory. The team tried many coverings for the wires. PMMA was one of them. The nanowires were coated with PMMA and cycled through charges 200,000 times. The PMMA coated nanowires showed no evidence of damage. The results suggest that batteries could last forever, without losing charging ability.

    Thai hopes to continue her research to understand why this material works so well and to see if any other material could create better results.

"It's kind of cool," she said. "I'm really glad people are showing interest in my work and not just in the work itself, but also in technology and energy."