题干

根据下列生物学事实回答问题:

材料一:熊在入冬之前要吃大量的食物,在体内转化为脂肪储存起来,冬眠时,进行分解作用,维持生命活动.

材料二:生活在南极寒冷环境中的企鹅,体内脂肪可厚达4cm.

材料三:幼儿晒太阳,可以使皮肤表皮细胞内的胆固醇转化为维生素D,预防佝偻病.

(1)材料一说明脂肪是____ ,分布在动物内脏器官周围的脂肪还具有____的作用.

(2)材料二说明脂肪具有____的作用.

(3)材料三说明维生素D具有____ 的作用,维生素D、性激素和胆固醇都属于____类的脂质.

(4)材料中没有提到的一类脂质是____,其主要作用是____

(5)鉴定脂肪所用的试剂是____ ,发生的颜色反应是____ .

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阅读理解

    There are many different voices on charity donations recently. Chen TianQiao, one of the Chinese billionaires, gave away $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help promote brain research. Chen has been interested in the brain research, believing it can advance the industries of artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However, this huge donation has caused heated discussions among Chinese scholars and internet users.

    Many criticized him for giving money to a foreign university rather than domestic institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are catching up with the US in just a few years. RaoYi, a biologist at Peking University, even said the donation was a typical mistake.

    Others, however, support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared with Chinese research Institutes. Caltech has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology, and therefore it produces more efficient results. What's more, the results of the research will benefit not only the Americans, but also the rest of the world.

    A similar controversial (有争议的) case started two years ago when Pan ShiYi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese Students.

    Many believe that China is still far behind in management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese donators are looking abroad. In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection rather than envy.