Have you ever been to Thailand? And what did you learn about Thai people? After traveling ____Thailand for over a month, I've seen and learnt quite a few things not just about the country, but also about____ people. Here are some things that I've learnt about Thai people.

    They always give you the warmest, friendliest smile if you smile first.

Thai people are often very ____, and many of them smile at you in the street. But most of the times, they look at you. If your ____meet and you smile, then they smile back right away. If you don't smile, however,____ do they. My experience is that they smile more brightly than you when you smile first.

No matter(无论）____ early you get up in the morning, most people are already awake and working. It's true that I'm an early bird. But no matter when I get up, it feels like Thai people have been awake for just a little ____than me. They are already in their shops, at the markets or in the factories ____I get up. It's not that Thai people never sleep; they just don't sleep the way we do.

    When it comes to transport, there's no such thing as “full”.

The buses are always ____in Thailand. Even if some kids have to hang (悬挂）off the end of the bus, there is still space ____more people. Once we had about 33 people in a very small bus. It was crazy!

唇亡齿寒,中国人民深谙此中的道理,为此中国人民志愿军进行了一场波澜壮阔的战争。它是(    )

阅读下列材料，回答问题。
史学界普遍认为，在1919年以前，中国近代化历程由学习西方的军事器物，到学习西方的政治制度，再到学习西方的思想文化，经历了三个阶段，在经济、政治、文化领域全面启动，并逐步深入展开。
材料一

材料二：经历了从“师夷长技”到变法维新的探索，人们发现温和的改良无法从根本上改变旧制度。于是，人们举起义旗，发动革命，推翻旧王朝，建立了共和国。接着，高举民主、科学大旗，吹响了思想解放的号角。

（1）根据上述材料和所学知识完成下表：
（2）材料二中，“师夷长技”其失败的标志是什么？
（3）揭开了“变法维新”序幕的是什么事件？失败说出了什么？
（4）材料二中，“人们举起义旗，发动革命，推翻旧王朝，建立了共和国”该事件的领导者是谁？简述此事件的历史功绩？
（5）材料二中，“高举民主、科学大旗，吹响了思想解放的号角”在中国近代化历程中有何意义？
（6）回首中国近代化历程，你有何感悟？

阅读下列材料，回答问题：

材料一  中国货币发展图样

材料二  “邸店者，居物之处为邸，沽卖之处为店”。柜坊是由邸店衍生出来的，它经营的业务是代客商保管金银财物，收取一定的租金，商人需用时，凭帖（相当于支票）或信物提取，为最早的银行雏形。

中世纪的欧洲，众多国家林立，国家及城乡之间的商品交换通过定期集市进行。当时的欧洲货币种类繁多，伪币横行，于是，就出现了专门鉴定、估量、兑换货币为业的钱窗，称为兑换人。需要现款的商人可以向兑换人借款，按期票规定的日期归还，并付给利息。这样，兑换人久而久之就变成了银行家。信贷业务开始发展起来。

材料三 到1600年，（中欧）这种贸易造成每年大约有20万公斤的白银流入从宁波到广州的华南和东南沿海地区。对丝绸的旺盛需求引发了土地使用方式的重大变化…… 到1700年年大约一半的森林植被遭到破坏。（低处种植桑树、棉花、甘蔗和水稻，高处种植玉米和红薯）。