题干

新中国成立初期的施政方针是

A:《临时宪法》

B:《共同纲领》

C:《土地改革法》

D:《中华人民共和国宪法》

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

B

同类题1

阅读下面的文字,完成文后各题。

柔情之柳

徐斌

    在我国民间,柳树一直被视为降除瘟疫的象征。战国名医扁鹊用柳叶熬膏治疗疔疮脓肿,三国神医华佗用柳枝治疗骨折。世界各国的外科手术刀,也模仿柳叶形状制成,国际上统称“柳叶刀”。古典小说中南海观音的形象就是一手托净水瓶,一手拿柳枝,为人间播撒雨露,祛病消灾。

    “无心插柳柳成荫”。柳树的生命力不但为人们所赞颂,而且在我国的传统文化中柳树还一直被看做是柔情的象征。“春风杨柳千万条”。漫游郊野,绿树那轻盈婆娑的风姿,展示着仪态万千、欣欣向荣的春天气息,把大千世界装扮得妩媚动人。无怪乎柳树成为历代文人墨客吟诗作赋常选的对象,《诗经》中就有“昔我往矣,杨柳依依”的佳句。

    “碧玉妆成一树高,万条垂下绿丝绦。不如细叶谁裁出,二月春风似剪刀。”贺知章在《咏柳》诗中运用拟人手法,形象地刻画出杨柳柔长的枝条、嫩绿的新叶在春风吹拂中的迷人姿态。白居易在《杨柳枝》中唱道:“依依袅袅复青青,勾引春风无限情。白雪花繁空扑地,绿丝条弱不胜莺。”诗人把绿柳比作婀娜多情的少女,勾勒出一幅美妙的春景图。

    柳丝柔长,风吹而成缠绵难舍之状,故古人常借柳表达依依不舍之情,如雍裕之的《江柳》:“袅袅古堤边,青青一树烟。若为丝不断,留取系郎船。”诗中女主人公不仅没有折柳赠别,倒希望柳丝绵绵不断,以便把情人的船儿系住,永不分离。

    在众多植物中,杨柳抽丝发芽是较早的,因而常为敏感的诗人捕来作为报春的多情使者。如王维的《田园乐》:“桃红复含宿雨,柳绿更带朝烟。”诗中碧绿的柳丝笼在一片若有若无的水烟中,与粉红色的桃花仙映成趣,构成一幅阳春三月、生机盎然的景象。柳枝纤细苗条,柳叶瘦长微翘,这些都与美女的身材、眉毛特征相吻合,古人多以杨柳来描摹美女,“依旧桃花面,频低柳叶眉”,以柳叶喻女子漂亮的眉毛,极有特点,以至于成了人们赞美女子容貌的习惯用语。

    春风杨柳美景,又是恋人们谈情说爱的最佳去处,明月作证,杨柳为媒,杨柳自然也就成了爱情的象征。如欧阳修的《生查子.元夕》:“月上柳梢头,人约黄昏后。”写出了一对情人约会时的甜美,表达了对自由爱情生活的向往。难怪婉约派词人柳永在酒醒后,发出了“杨柳岸晓风残月”的千古喟叹。

    柳絮飘忽不定,正如剪不断、理还乱的愁绪,因此杨柳还是古代文人笔下的闲愁象征。“试问闲愁都几许?一川烟草,满城风絮,梅子黄时雨”,贺铸在《青玉案》中用烟草、飞絮、梅雨来状写多而不断、缠缠绵绵的闲愁,可谓惟妙惟肖,令人叫绝。

同类题3

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    Do you ever find yourself getting really unhappy for almost no reason? Or suddenly feeling down without knowing why? Going from sadness to anger to joy in a matter of minutes can make many teens feel as though they're losing control. But why is the feeling so common among teens?

    Maybe you're starting a new school and not able to see old friends as much. Getting good grades or wanting to be better in sports or other activities can be a concern (关注) for many teens.

    Being accepted by friends is important. Teens also may notice, for the first time, a sense of distance from parents and family. You may feel you want to be on your own and make your own decisions, but it can also seem a bit lonely at times.

    Another important cause for mood swings is biology. When puberty (青春期) begins, the body starts producing hormones (荷尔蒙). These hormones cause physical changes in the body. But in some people, they also seem to cause emotional (情绪的) changes.

    Here are some things you can do that might make those bad moods a bit easier to deal with.

    Recognize you're not alone. Although not every teen experiences mood changes to the same degree, they are common.

    Talk to people you trust. Friends can help each other by realizing that they're not alone in their feelings. Talking to parents is important, too. Parents can share their own experiences dealing with bad moods. Teachers are often good resources and a doctor can help to answer questions about development.

    Get enough sleep. Though it can be hard to find enough time, getting enough rest is very important. Being tired can lead to more sadness.

    Create. Taking part in some kinds of activities, like building something out of wood, or starting an art or music piece. Writing can help you organize and express your thoughts and feelings. Get your thoughts on paper. Do the same thing with paint, music, or other art forms. Put your feelings into your artwork.