①时代呼唤________________的创新型人才。

    ②当前的时代是经济全球化的时代，经济、科研、军事、文化等领域的竞争日益激烈，人们要求创新型人才首先应当是最具创意和活力的。他们具有强烈的创造意识和创造激情，富于怀疑性批判性的追根究底的求索精神，而又有着知识创新和技术创新的能力，他们充满探索欲、求知欲、进取欲，具有永不停息的求新求变的勇气和不畏艰险、锲而不舍的意志和毅力。回溯科学史，没有对托勒密宇宙体系的背叛，哪来伟大的哥白尼变革？没有对亚里士多德物理理论的怀疑，哪来伽利略在运动学上的重大变革？没有对牛顿经典力学的超越，又怎么会有爱因斯坦的相对论？

    ③今天，随着科学技术的综合化、整体化及人文科学相互渗透、融合的趋势加速，随着社会主义市场经济的逐步建立，社会对人才的多样性、适应性需求日益增强，人们要求创新型人才也应当是多功能的。他们不仅一专一能，而且多专多能，具有多才多艺的特点。仅以当前迅猛兴起的信息网络而言，它就熔铸了计算机、微电子、光电传输、卫星技术、自动化、半导体、多媒体等多学科多领域的知识和技术。尤其是网络经济、网络文化的发展，越来越需要集科技、文学、经贸、外语于一身的人才。

    ④经济全球化时代，既充满激烈竞争，又亟待协调与合作，人们要求创新型人才还应当是善于协作的。他们善于协调人际关系，具有兼容并包的胸怀和团结拼搏的精神，他们善于在传统与现实、历史与未来、科学与人文、理论与经验、思想与实践、精神与效益、个人与社会等关系之间，不断地进行协调，化解矛盾，防止内耗，同心协力应对各种严峻的挑战。这样，才有可能赢得机遇，竭尽全力，不断创新，不断前进。

C

    Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. Sir John Gurdon. Is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class. Now, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.

    Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance （坚持） can lead.

    At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was quite "ridiculous".

    In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the laboratory earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.

    "I believe that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work." Gurdon said.

    In 1962, Gurdon took a sell from an adult frog and moved its genetic （基因的） information i nto an egg cell. The egg cell then grown into a clone of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in the world.

    In 2006, Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (样本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using the technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

    "Luck prefers the prepared mind." Gurdon told the Nobel Prize organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to catch the chance."