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两株玉兰树

陈忠实

    清明前一日回到老家，到村子背靠的白鹿原北坡上，在父母的坟头烧了一堆被视为阴币的黄纸。尽管明知这是于逝者没有任何补益的事，然而每年此日不仅不能缺少，甚至早早就泛溢着一种甚为急切的情绪。自己心里明白，上坟烧纸和跪拜的行为，无非是为消解对父母恩德亏欠太多的负疚心理，获得一种安慰。

    天气很好。温润的风似有若无。西斜的依然明媚的阳光下，原坡和河川满眼都是蓬勃的绿色和黄色，绿的是返青的麦苗，黄的是盛开的油菜花，间有零星散落在坡梁上杏花的粉白。

    回到老屋小院，便坐在前院闲聊。许是那种负疚心绪得到消解，许是得了这明媚春色的滋润，竟是一种难得的轻松和平静。记不得是谁颇为惊诧地叫了一声，玉兰树开花了。我便朝大门右侧的玉兰树看去，在树梢稍下边的一根分枝上，有两朵白花。我的心微微一颤，惊喜得轻叫一声，从坐着的小凳上站起来，几步走到玉兰树下，久久观赏那两朵玉兰花。那是两朵刚刚绽放的玉兰花，雪白，鲜嫩，纤尘不染，自在而又尽情地展示在细细的一根枝条上，洁白如玉，便想到玉兰花的名字确属恰切。玉兰树尚不见一片叶子，叶芽刚刚在枝条上突出一个个小豆般的苞，花儿却绽放了。我久久地看那两朵花儿，竟然不忍离去。玉兰花在我其实也算不得稀罕，见得也早也多了，之所以发生一缕不寻常的惊喜，这是开在自家屋院里的玉兰花，而且是我栽植的玉兰树苗，便有了一种情结；还有一种非常因素，就是这株玉兰树苗成长过程的障碍性经历，曾经让我颇费过一番心思。

    几年前我重回原下小院读书写字，一位在灞河滩苗圃打工的乡党，闲聊中听说我喜欢玉兰花，便给我送来一株不过食指粗的幼苗，我便在大门右侧的围墙根下挖坑栽下了。为了便于浇水和保护，我在玉兰幼苗四周用砖箍了一圈护栏。得到我的用心守护和浇灌，玉兰树苗日见蹿高，分枝，加粗，蓬蓬勃勃，生机盎然，我便期待花苞的出现。恰好盼到玉兰树应该发苞开花的规定期树龄，不仅没有开花，失望且不论，等到叶子成型，我发现了非常的征象，本应是深绿色的叶子，却呈现着浅黄；即使到盛夏烈日暴晒的时候，各种树叶都变得深绿近青的颜色，我的玉兰树叶反而由浅黄变得几乎透亮了。任谁都会看出这是一种病态的表征。村里乡党见了，有说是蛴螬咬了树根，有说是缺肥，有说是化肥施多烧了根，等等。后两种说法不能成立，我栽植时填的是农家粪土，不缺肥更不会发生烧根的事，倒是蛴螬啃食树根有可能发生，却也无可奈何。我曾扒土寻找蛴螬，一只也未见到。我就怀疑大约是玉兰根自身发生了什么病患。

    等到第二年，玉兰树仍然是满树病态的黄叶，自然不会开花了。我便有所动摇，这株病态的树会不会自愈？需得几年才能缓解过来？如果等过几年不仅缓解不了反而病情加重以致枯死了，那我就会白等了。我便想挖掉它，重植一株。拿着镢头刨挖的一瞬，却似乎听到一种凄婉的求生的哀音，那一片片透亮的黄叶似乎也幻化成哭相，我便举不起镢头来。突然想到，任它继续存在着，如果真的挨过了病患，当一树健康墨绿的叶子呈现在小院里的时候，我会获得一种别样的欣慰和鼓舞；如果万一病患发展到发生枯死，再换植一株也无妨，这株玉兰树便保存下来。约略记得去年夏天回家，玉兰树的叶子变绿了，尽管仍不像正常的叶子那么深色近青的绿，却不是往年那种透亮的黄色了，我不由得庆幸，它的病情缓解了，更庆幸我握在手里的镢头没有举起来……今年，这株玉兰树开花了。尽管只有两朵，却是一种美的生命的胜利。遭遇过生存劫难之后开放的这两朵洁白如玉的玉兰花，就不单是通常对所见的玉兰花的欣赏的愉悦了，多了一缕人生况味的感受。

    More and more comment(评论) sections are being shut down online.

    Autumn Phillips had had enough. On August 19, the executive editor of the Quad-City Times in Iowa, and Illinois, US visited her website, qutimes. com, and saw a story about a man who had been shot to death. When she got to the readers' comments section at the end, she was shocked by what she saw. Below the story was a growing string of comments—a racist remark about democratic( 民主的) voters, a negative comment about police...So Phillips decided to do something she had been thinking about for a long time: she shut down the comment section.

    Phillips was not alone in making such a move. Last week, NPR announced it too was closing its online comments section. The decisions don't mean that the news outlets are no longer interested in what their audiences are thinking. Both stressed their eagerness to hear from readers and listeners on social networks. But both agreed that comments had deviated from their original intention. And so they had.

    In the early days of digital journalism, comments were seen as a key part of the new media, a wonderful opportunity for strengthening the dialogue between news producers and their audiences. It was a welcome change, given that for long many news organizations were far too separated from their readers. Much more back and forth conversation seemed like healthy and welcome evolutions. Sadly, that's not the way things turned out. Rather than a place for exchanging ideas, comments sections became the home of ugly name-calling, racism and anti-women language. Besides their poisonous quality, comments seem out of place today.

    “Since we made the announcement, I've received an outpouring of responses from our readers,”she says. “I've heard from parents whose children were hurt by our online comments. I've heard from people who said they wouldn't send in letters to the editor because they were attacked so fiercely by comments, and it wasn't worth it.”

关于声现象，下列说法正确的是（    ）

下列句子，没有语病的一句是（    ）