在下面一段文字的横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过12个字。

    在人类文明进程里，城市的产生和发展是关键的一步。一般而言，城的发展往往早于市。①____，城墙、堡垒、护城河构成防御设施，封闭是其主要特征。市的功能主要是流通，交易场所、街道是其主要设施，②____。③____，反映了由军事和政治意义的城镇向现代的经济、文化为主的城市的发展走向。

钱勰传

    勰字穆父，彦远之子也。生五岁，日诵千言。十三岁，制举之业成。熙宁三年试应，既中秘阁选，廷对入等矣，会王安石恶孔文仲策，迁怒罢其科，遂不得第。以荫知尉氏县，授流内铨主簿。判铨陈襄尝登进班簿，神宗称之。襄曰：“此非臣所能，主薄钱勰为之耳。”明日召对，将任以清要官。命权盐铁判官，历提点京西、河北、京东刑狱。

    奉使吊高丽，外意颇谓欲结之以北伐。勰入请使指，帝曰：“高丽好文，又重士大夫家世，所以选卿，无他也。”乃求吕端故事以行，凡馈饩非故所有者皆弗纳。归次紫燕岛，王遣二吏追饷金银器四千两。勰曰：“在馆时既辞之矣，今何为者？”吏泣曰：“王有命，徒归则死，且左番已受。”勰曰：“左右番各有职，吾唯例是视，汝可死，吾不可受。”竟却之。还，拜中书舍人。

    元祐初，迁给事中，以龙图阁待制知开封府。老吏畏其敏，欲困以事，导人诉牒至七百。勰随即剖决，简不中理者，缄而识之，戒无复来。阅月听讼，一人又至，呼诘之曰：“吾固戒汝矣，安得欺我？”其人谰曰：“无有。”勰曰：“汝前诉云云，吾识以某字。”启缄示之，信然，上下皆惊咤。宗室、贵戚为之敛手，虽丞相府谒吏干请，亦械治之。积为众所憾，出知越州，徙瀛州。召拜工部、户部侍郎，进尚书，加龙图阁直学士，复知开封，临事益精。苏轼乘其据案时遗之诗，勰操笔立就以报。轼曰：“电扫庭讼，响答诗筒，近所未见也。”

    哲宗莅政，翰林缺学士，章惇三荐林希，帝以命勰，仍兼侍读。以尝行惇谪词，惧而求去。帝曰：“岂非‘鞅鞅非少主之臣，硁硁无大臣之节’者乎？朕固知之，毋庸避也。”尝侍经幄，帝留与之语曰：“台臣论徐邸事，其辞及郑、雍，小人离间骨肉如此。若雍有请，当付卿以美诏慰安之。”既而雍章至，勰答诏云：“弗容群枉，规欲动摇，朕察其厚诬，力加明辨，夫何异趣，乃尔乞身。”帝见之，谓能道所欲言者。惇因是极意排诋，讽全台攻之，言不已。罢知池州，卒于官，年六十四。

（选自《宋史》，有删改）

    I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I'm left 1. Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 2?

    I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s,3children from different races and religions played and studied4in harmony. At that time my family lived a stone’s5from Ismail’s. And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu—we just6our differences. Perhaps, our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice, well7or otherwise.

    We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we’d8the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to9the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his10

    When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismail’s family later returned to their village, and I11touch with him.

    One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I12my destination. The driver acknowledged my13but did not move off. Instead, he looked14at me. “Raddar?” he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号). I was astonished at being so15addressed (称呼). Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two16we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something17to describe.

    If we can allow our children to be18without prejudice, they’ll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be19their side through thick and thin. On such friendships are societies built and20we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote, “we happy few, we band of brothers”.