近期发布的《2016年中央和地方预算草案的报告》中指出，今年财政部将进一步扩大财政赤字规模，拟安排在21800亿元，比2015年增加5600亿元，赤字率为3%，比2015年高出0.6个百分点。以下符合我国扩大财政赤字规模以促进经济中高速发展的措施有（    ）

①缩减国债发行规模，让更多的资金由市场自行调节投资与消费以促进经济发展

②通过减税和免费激发市场主体活力

③增加财政支出，扩大社会总需求以拉动经济发展

④发挥财政作为有形的手在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好地推动经济发展

阅读下列材料，结合所学知识回答问题
材料一 “惜秦皇汉武，略输文采，唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚……”
——***《沁园春·雪》
材料二 成也萧何，败也萧何。帝国制度靠独尊儒术得以延续，也将因罢黜百家而散失活力。“百家罢后无奇士，永为神州种祸胎”（于右任语），诚哉斯言！只不过这笔账要到很久以后才会得到清算，且由大清帝国来买单。
——易中天《帝国的终结》
请回答：
（1）材料一中提及了中国古代多位杰出的君王，其中“秦皇”最主要的功绩是什么？这一功绩的主要特征是什么？
（2）材料二中易教授认为“只不过这笔账要到很久以后才会得到清算，且由大清帝国来买单”。 结合所学知识，你认为“由大清帝国来买单”的原因有哪些？
（3）中外历史上有很多次思想解放运动，以这些思想解放运动为鉴，谈谈你对“百家罢后无奇士，永为神州种祸胎”的看法。

    As science developed rapidly in the direction of technology, it supplies man a better and more comfortable 1. Men will be working shorter and shorter hours,2 and housewives will also be able to have more free time. Can you 3 doing housework without a housewife? Scientists believe this will 4 into realities in not very long time, and perhaps during your lifetime house-robots will take 5 of housewives.

    When I 6 this kind of machine with housewives, some 90 percent of them replied 7 “How soon can I buy one?” The other 10 percent said, “I would be terrified to see it8 about my house.” But when I explained to them that it could be turned 9 or stopped, they quickly realized that it was a 10 object.

    In my own 11 we have found that the washing-up machine is regarded as a good12in the room. There's no greater13than to go to bed in the evening and 14 that the washing-up is being done downstairs after we are 15.

    Some families would 16 to have their robot slaves 17 all the downstairs housework after they were in 18 at night, while others would have it19 in the mornings. But this would be entirely a matter of20.