—______.

从1978年开始，党和政府实行改革开放政策,我国经济体制改革首先是从（    ）开始

    A new App has been used in South Africa to benefit (有助于)the relationship between wildlife and humans.

    Roadwatch, created by the Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT),is designed to let drivers   record any roadkill they see on the country's highways.

    It may seem like a strange idea, but EWT says that it could become the perfect platform for receiving important information. Information on where endangered species (物种）are living and the danger that they are under from traffic can help to inform decisions on conservation of matters (物质守恒）in the future.

    People can use the App through Facebook, WhatsApp, SMS and Linkedin to report the   species, location, time and date of the creature that has been seen on the road.

    Wendy Collinson field officer at EWT suggested that it could lead to more people taking care on the roads and paying more attention to animals that may be trying to cross the roads. One of the biggest problems is with reptiles (爬行动物）and snakes, which she believes people hit on purpose, as they are generally seen as scary. However, they are important to the health of ecosystems, just as all creatures are and also need to be protected.

    Emily Taylor from EWT said, “Roadkill simply hasn't been studied here. The road ecology and how many endangered species are being killed, is something we need to know more about. We want people to report as much as possible.”

    There have been some other Apps to use in relation to wildlife spotting in South Africa, but most of them are about animals that have not been knocked down, including those helping to collect information of where certain species have been seen, such as in parks.

阅读材料，回答问题：

材料一：中国无产阶级最早产生在19世纪中叶的外国在华企业中，随后又出现在19世纪60年代清朝官办的企业和70年代兴起的民族资本企业中。……到1914年，增加到100万人以上。到1919年五四运动前夕，已达200万人以上。

──《***历史》

材料二：新文化运动和学生爱国运动是互为因果的。新文化运动使青年们摆脱封建传统思想的束缚，对国家危亡境遇的警觉，更使青年们认真考虑……以什么思想来救中国。……经过五四运动，介绍、研究、宣传马克思主义成为不可抗拒的潮流。

──《从鸦片战争到五四运动》

材料三：6月8日，沪海道尹沈宝昌给北京政府的急电：“此次沪上风潮始由学生罢课，继由商人罢市，进且将有劳动工人同盟罢工。”……“6月27日，全国学联和上海各界人士以签约时间将届，纷纷集于沪西公共体育场，召开了拒签和约的万人大会……除山东、北京、上海外，其他许多地区也都展开了各种形式的拒签和约的斗争。

──摘录于彭明著《五四运动史》

请回答：

    孔子厄于陈蔡，从者七日不食。子贡以所赍货，窃犯围而出，告籴于野人，得米一石焉，颜回、仲由炊之于壤屋之下，有埃墨堕饭中，颜回取而食之。子贡自井望见之，不说，以为窃食也。入问孔子曰：“仁人廉士穷改节乎？”孔子曰：“改节即何取于仁廉哉？”子贡曰：“若回也，其不改节乎？”子曰：“然。”子贡以所见告孔子，子曰：“吾信回之为仁久矣，虽女有云，弗以疑也，其或者必有故乎？女止，吾将问之。”召颜回曰：“畴昔予梦见先人，岂或启佑我哉？子炊而进饭，吾将进焉！”对曰：“向有埃墨堕饭中，欲置之则不洁，弃之则可惜，回即食之。不可祭也。”孔子曰：“然乎，吾亦食之。”颜回出，孔子顾谓二三子曰：“吾之信回，非待今日也！”二三子由此口服之。

    子路问于孔子曰：“君子亦有忧乎？”子曰：“无也。君子之修行也，其未得之也，则乐其意；既得之，又乐其治。是以有终身之乐，无一日之忧。小人则不然，其未得也，患弗得之；既得之，又恐失之。是以有终身之忧，无一日之乐也。”

（选自《孔子家语》） 

【注】①蔡：“蔡”以及后文中的“吴”“陈”“楚”都娃中国周代诸侯国名。②城父：地 名。③徒役：服劳役的人。④II兕II虎，率彼旷野：不始犀牛也不是老虎，却在空旷的 野外疲于奔命#⑤由：人名，即子路。⑥伯夷、叔齐：伯夷、叔齐皆为古之爷贤，他们“奔 义” “让国”，不慕荣华，视商贵如尘土，且能够在首阳山做流民，敢宵死阻止文王讨伐商 纣王，叩马而谏，宁可饿死，不食周栗。⑦王子比干：比干是历史上第一个以死谏君的忠 臣，被称为“亘古忠臣”。比干是商纣王的叔父，又是他的丞相，比干对纣王倒行逆施的婪政不满，多次向他谏阻，纣王不听，比干圾后只好以死相谏。