题干

 小明在研究“影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素”时.提出了如下猜想:

猜想一:滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面所受的压力有关;

猜想二:滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面的粗糙程度有关.

为了验证猜想,准备了如下实验器材:一个带挂钩的木块(重6N)、两个砝码(每个重5N)、一个长木板和一个弹簧测力计,所用实验装置如图所示.

在验证猜想一时,用弹簧测力计水平拉动木块,使它沿水平长木板做匀速直线运动,读取弹簧测力计的示数;在木块上分别放置一个和两个砝码,按上述操作再做两次实验,得到的实验数据如下表所示.

实验次数

压力/N

测力计示数/N

滑动摩擦力/N

1

6

1.8

 

2

11

3.3


3

16

4.8


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