The favorite food in the United States is the hamburger. The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast food restaurant. At fast food restaurant, people order their food，wait a few minutes ，and carry it to their tables themselves .People also take their food out of the restaurant and eat it in their cars or in their homes. At some fast food restaurant, people can order their food, pay for it and pick it up without leaving their cars. There are many kinds of fast food restaurant in the United States. The greatest in number sell hamburgers, French fries and so on. They are popular among Americans. Besides, there are many fast food restaurants that serve Chinese food, Mexican food, Italian food, chicken, seafood and ice-cream. The idea of a fast food restaurant is so popular that nearly every kind of food can be found in one.

    Fast food restaurant are popular because they reflect (反映) American life style. Customer (顾客) can wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food place .Second, they are fast. People who are busy do not want to spend time preparing their own food or waiting while someone prepares it. In fast food restaurants, food is not expensive. Therefore (因此)，people often buy and eat at a fast restaurant，while they may not be able to go to a more expensive restaurant very often.

家徽

余华

    ①国有国徽，校有校徽，厂有厂徽。奇怪吗？我家竟有家徽。我家的家徽是一条鱼，一条画在门板上的鱼。那条鱼 的图案画得很笨拙，线条零乱而粗糙，只能让人意会到是条鱼而已。但它却有不寻常的来历。

    ②祖父在世时，膝下有父亲他们弟兄四个，个个都是牛高马大的男子汉。民国初年，战乱频繁，家庭仗着几个男人下死力气勉强维持温饱。

    ③一天夜半，父亲起来小解，发现一个人影蹿进了厨房，他便喊叫起来，同时马上守住厨房门口。不一会儿，父亲弟兄几个都起来了，他们点着灯，拿着大木棒子和斧头，仔细地搜索着厨房的每一个角落，那时粮食就是性命，大家决心不把这窃贼打死，也得让他残废。厨房的旮旮旯旯都搜遍了，却没发现人。父亲弟兄几个说父亲定是半夜眼花，父亲赌咒发誓说肯定有人。还在大家争辩时祖父来了，祖父让儿子们都去睡觉。等他们走了之后，祖父走到水缸边，敲敲盖子，说：“你不用躲了，出来吧。”只见水缸里水淋淋地站起一个人。这人一手擎着水缸木盖，浑身颤抖，面无人色，另一只手里，还攥着一布袋大米。

    ④祖父望着窃贼，叹口气说：“算了，你走吧，要是让我的儿子们看见了，你今天非残废不可。”

    ⑤贼傻望着祖父，他不敢相信祖父就这样轻易地让他走，但祖父分明是平静地挥了挥手，贼便从水缸里爬出来。祖父又把那水淋淋的米袋子交给他说：“带上它吧，它可帮你家度几天日子。”贼要说什么，眼眶却红了，低着头，提着米袋子往外走，走到门口。“慢着，”祖父又叫住他，塞给他一串铜钱，“你拿这钱去做点小生意，再也不要干这伤天害理的勾当了。”

    ⑥贼“扑通”一声跪在地上，给祖父磕了几个响头便走了。

    ⑦不知过了多久，一天清晨，祖父一开门，便在门环上发现了一条两斤多的鲜鱼。祖父先是感到奇怪，但他马上就猜到是那贼送来的，那人大约是做了贩鱼的生意。

    ⑧自此以后，我家门环上经常出现鲜鱼，家里便经常可以改善生活。父亲他们感到奇怪，祖父便舒缓地向父亲弟兄们讲起鱼的来历。

    ⑨大约吃了几十条鱼后，祖父感到不安，说人家是小本经营，别吃垮了人家。于是连着几天半夜守候着，一直熬了三个夜，终于让祖父遇见了那送鱼人，谁知不是那个贼，却是一个年轻渔人。这渔人是那贼的儿子，贼在临终前嘱咐他要坚持送鱼到我家来。祖父和父亲他们听得连连点头。为了不违亡人遗愿，祖父拿过一把刀子，让年轻人在我家门上刻一条鱼，并说从此不许他再送鱼，就用这条刻下的鱼替代好了。祖父并叮嘱父亲弟兄们要保管好这条“鱼”，牢记这件事。于是，我家按照祖父的意思，一直都保留着这鱼的图案。

    ⑩它，自然而然地成了我家的家徽

（选自《余华作品集》，上海文艺出版社2008年版，文章有删改）

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