题干

2015年是世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年,也是中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年。阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一   同第一次世界大战的2840万人的伤亡人数相比,这次大战(二战)的伤亡人数达到了5000万人……。最令人震惊的是,在这5000万伤亡人数中,有近五分之一的人是被残忍地杀害的。这1000万受害者是因种族、宗教、政治或其他原因而被当作“不受欢迎的人”被灭绝的。

——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

材料二  德国对历史上曾经发动的两次世界大战的罪行都有深刻的认识,上至国家元首,下至普通百姓,对受害国人民都有一种深重的历史负罪感,并对被害国人民进行赔偿。同样是二战的主要发动国,日本却是右翼言行频出:近年来,每年都有一些政府要员参拜供奉有第二次世界大战甲级战犯的靖国神社,安倍首相发表 “日本殖民侵略定义未定”等言论。

材料三   2014年2月6日,***主席和普京总统决定,2015年双方共同举办庆祝世界反法西斯战争胜利及中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年活动。

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    Maybe you know floods, earthquakes, sandstorms and so on. But have you heard of typhoons?
    Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September.
    How does a typhoon happen? When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发)into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles(圆圈)and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins.
    A typhoon has two parts, one is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. Here are the strongest winds and hardest rains.
    Typhoons are very dangerous. In November this year, Typhoon Haiyan killed 5500 people in Philippines. More people are missing.
    What to do when a typhoon hits?
    Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them.
    Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes!
    Listen to the radio or TV for important information.
    If you're told to go to a safer place, do it right now.