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                                                                                                    带白蘑菇回家 
                                                                                                          毕淑敏
         妈妈爱吃蘑菇。
         到青海出差,在幽蓝的天穹与黛绿的草原之间,见到点点闪烁的白星。
         那不是星星,是草原上的白蘑菇。
         从鸟岛返回的途中,我买了一袋白蘑菇,预备两天后坐火车带回北京。
        回到宾馆,铺下一张报纸,将蘑菇一柄柄小伞朝天,摆在地毯上,一如它们生长在草原时的模样。
        小姐进来整理卫生,细细的眉头皱了起来。我忙说,我要把它们带回去送给妈妈。小姐就暖暖地笑了,说您必须把蘑菇翻个身,让菌根朝上,不然蘑菇会烂的。草原上的白蘑菇最难保存。
        听了小姐的话,我让白蘑菇趴在地上,好像晒太阳的小胖孩儿,温润而圆滑地裸露在空气中。上火车的日子到了。小姐帮我找来一只小纸箱;用剪刀戳了许多梅花形的小洞,把白蘑菇妥妥地安放进去。
        进了卧铺车厢,我小心翼翼地把纸箱塞在床下。对面一位青海大汉说,箱子上捅了那么多的洞,想必带的是活物了。小鸡?小鸭?怎么没听见叫?天气太热,可别憋死了。
        我说,带的是草原上的白蘑菇,送给妈妈。
        他轻轻地重复,哦,妈妈……好像这个词语对他已十分陌生。半晌他才接着说,只是你这样的带法,到不了兰州,蘑菇就得烂成污水。
         我大惊失色说,那可怎么办?
         他说,你在卧铺下面铺开几张纸,把蘑菇晾开,保持它的通风。
         我依法处置,摆了一床底的蘑菇。每日数次拨弄,好像育秧的老农。蘑菇们平安地穿兰州,越宝鸡,直逼郑州……不料中原一带,酷热无比,车厢内闷热如桑拿浴池,令人窒息。青海汉子不放心地蹲下检查,突然叫道:快想办法!蘑菇表面已生出白膜,再捂下去,就不能吃了!
         我束手无策。大汉二话不说,把我的白蘑菇,重新装进浑身是洞的纸箱。我说,这不是更糟了?他并不解释,三下五除二,把卧铺小茶几上的水杯食品拢成一堆,对周围的人说:烦请各位把自家的东西,拿到别处去放。腾出这个小桌,来放小箱子。箱子里装的是咱青海湖的白蘑菇,她要带回北京给妈妈。我们把窗户开大,让风不停地灌进箱子,蘑菇就坏不了啦。大家帮帮忙,我们都有妈妈。
        人们无声地把面包、咸鸭蛋和可乐瓶子移开,为我腾出一方洁净的桌面。
        风呼啸着。郑州的风,安阳的风,石家庄的风……穿箱而过。白蘑菇黑色的血液,渐渐被蒸发了,烘成干燥的标本。
        青海大汉坐的窗口是迎风的一面,疾风把他的头发卷得乱如蒿草。无数灰屑敷在他的脸上,犹如漫天抛洒的芝麻。若不是为了这一箱蘑菇,窗子原不必开得这样大。我几次歉意地说同他换换,他一摆手说,草原上的风比这还大。
        终于,北京到了。我拎起蘑菇箱子同车友们告别,对大家说,我代表自己和妈妈谢谢你们!
       大家说,你快回家去看妈妈吧。
       由于路上蒸发了水分,白蘑菇比以前轻了许多。我走得很快,就要出站台的时候,青海汉子追上我,说:有一件很要紧的事,忘了同你交代——白蘑菇炖鸡最鲜。
      妈妈喝着鸡汤说,青海的白蘑菇味道真好!

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    Young children from poor families are more likely to consume junk food and fizzy drinks(汽水) than their richer companions. A study of 1,800 four- and five-year-olds found more than half of those from poor backgrounds drank at least one a week, compared to just four in ten oofy kids. They also drank less milk and consumed more fruit juice which is also linked to child obesity (肥胖) caused by high sugar intake(摄取量).

    The phenomenon also relates to children who spend more than two hours a day in front of a TV or playing computer games—whatever their social circumstances. A companion study also found children from poor families were more likely to eat chips, sweets and chocolate. Professor Kate Storey said, “when you are looking at that age group, and such a large percentage of very young kids in the study are consuming a large amount of soda(苏打汽水),it is quite concerning. ”

    The researchers carried out the study by surveying the parents of their participants to find out their dietary habits. Professor Storey said, “If you are drinking a lot of soda and fruit juice, they can displace(取代)consumption of water and milk, which are important not just for ending thirst, but for developing healthy bones and teeth, and health and wellness in general.”

    Co-researcher Dr John Spence said, “Dietary behavior and intake patterns are influenced heavily by what happens in the first few years with children, and they maintain those patterns throughout childhood and into adolescence(青少年时期).” In addition to basic health education, this study identifies a need in how we are dealing with poverty and recognizing there is more to poverty than simply the number of dollars people have.

    Professor Storey said that shows how education can make a difference and lead to healthier eating habits, regardless of what is happening at home. “Many families live in places that might not be very healthy for them and, as a result, they make unhealthy food choices. You can start making a difference in different places. It calls for action in multiple settings, schools and communities, for example. That light-bulb moment can happen in a variety of places,” Professor Storey added.