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    A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses three dimensional(3-D) printing to re-create famous paintings so they can be touched.

    One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt's “The Kiss.” It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.

    Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3-D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple's robes are so detailed.

    Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.” Raditsch said she can imagine what the original painting looks like when she touches the reproduction. “It's somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it's so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too!” Raditsch said.

    The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3-D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado, in Madrid, Spain, have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: It is made with widely available 3-D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.

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【历史上重大改革回眸】阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料 宋代“重文轻武”,所以也很重视科举考试,在形式和内容上都进行了重大的改革。宋代的科举放宽了录取的范围,名额也成倍增长,唐代录取进士,每次不过二三十人,少则几人、十几人,宋代每次录取多达二三百人,甚至五六百人。对于屡考不第的考生,允许他们在遇到皇帝策试时,报名参加附试,叫特奏名。也可奏请皇帝开恩,赏赐出身资格,委派官吏,开后世恩科的先例。……确立了三年一次的三级考试制度。宋太祖为了选拔真正踏实于封建统治而又有才干的人担任官职,为之服务,于开宝六年实行殿试。自此以后,殿试成为科举制度的最高一级的考试,并正式确立了州试、省试和殿试的三级科举考试制度。殿试以后,不须再经吏部考试,直接授官。宋太祖还下令,考试及第后,不准对考官称师门,或自称门生。这样,所有及第的人都成了天子门生。实行糊名和誊录,并建立防止徇私的新制度。对于防止主考官徇情取舍的确产生了很大的效力。宋代科举在考试内容上也作了较大的改革。王安石任参知政事后,对科举考试的内容着手进行改革,取消诗赋、帖经、墨义,专以经义、论、策取士。

——摘编自《宋朝科举制度:中国古代科举制度的改革时期》