阅读下面有关张学良的材料，回答问题。

  张学良（1901年—2001年），字汉卿，奉系军阀首领张作霖的长子，人称“少帅”。

“皇姑屯事件”之后，张学良继任为东北保安军总司令，拒绝日本人的拉拢，坚持“东北易帜”，为祖国统一和民族团结做出了贡献。后任中华民国陆海空军副司令，陆军一级上将。1931年9月18日，日本关东军发动震惊中外的“九一八”事变，张学良执行蒋介石的不抵抗政策，20万东北军不战自退。不到半年，东三省沦亡。

  1935年，张学良任西北剿总副司令，到陕西“剿共”。此时，日本侵华日亟．国民政府一再妥协。中共驻共产国际代表发表《为抗日救国告全体同胞书》（简称“八一宣言”)，号召停止内战，一致抗日。1935年12月9日，在***领导下，北平（北京）学生举行了抗日救国示威游行，掀起了全国抗日运动的新高潮，全国要求停止内战，实行抗日的呼声日益高涨。在抗日民族统一战线政策的感召下，张学良、杨虎城同红军停战和解。1936年12月，蒋介石到西安督战，威逼张、杨执行“剿共”计划。张、杨多次劝说蒋介石停止内战、联共抗日都遭到训斥，12月12日，张学良与杨虎城扣押蒋介石，实行“兵谏”，逼蒋抗日，发动了震惊中外的“西安事变”。

  西安事变后，张学良遭蒋介石父子长期软禁。1990年恢复人身自由，1995年起离台侨居美国夏威夷，2001年10月病逝于檀香山，享年101岁。

——摘编自《中国近代史》

1977年邓小平重新恢复工作后，在科教文化领域进行大力整顿，其主要内容包括
①提出尊重知识，尊重人才　
②恢复全国高等学校统一考试招生制度 
③恢复“双百”方针为社会主义科学文化事业的指导方针　
④把扫盲教育作为教育的中心工作

同学们围成一个正方形做游戏，每边站20人，四个顶点都有人，最外圈一共有（　　）人．

    You may be surprised to see "making sure children never suffer" as a mistake. The following 1 may help you understand how rescuing children from all suffering 2 weakness.

    A little boy felt sorry for a butterfly struggling to 3 from its chrysalis（蛹）. He decided to 4 the butterfly. So he peeled（剥开） the chrysalis open for the butterfly. The little boy was so 5 to watch the butterfly spread its wings and fly off, into the sky.

    Then he was horrified 6 he watched the butterfly fall to the ground and die because it did not have the muscle 7 to keep flying. In fact, the butterfly's struggle to 8 the chrysalis helps the butterfly become stronger.

    Like the little boy9 too often want to protect their children from struggle in the 10 of love. They don't realize that their children need to struggle, to experience 11, to deal with disappointment, and to solve their own problems. Only in this way can children 12 their emotional strength, become strong-willed and develop the skills necessary for the even bigger struggles they will meet 13 their lives. Children experiencing sufferings can 14 the ups and downs of life.

    However it isn't helpful either in this case when parents 15 lecture（训斥）, blame and shame to what the child is experiencing. Mothers 16 to say, "Stop crying and act-ing like a spoiled boy. You can't always get what you want: These 17 words should be avoided.

    Instead, parents can offer loving support. You can say, "Don't lose 18. Be brave！You will succeed if you try again."Then comes the tough part — no 19and no lectures. Simply allow him to discover that he can get over his disappointment and 20 what he can do to get what he wants in the future.