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Tom and Steve were twin brothers. Tom loved to play basketball. But Steve loved to read books. One day Tom was playing basketball 21  he fell and broke his leg. When they took him to the hospital, the doctor said he wouldn’t be able to play for six months. Steve went 22  him to and brought him books on basketball. At first Tom wasn’t going to read them. Then he began to read them and 23 that there were ways he could play basketball better. He began to think that books weren’t 24  .

   When Tom’s leg started getting better, Steve would help him by going for walks with him.  25 Tom’s doctor said he could start playing basketball again. Then Tom showed Steve how to toss(投)for baskets. Steve found that he enjoyed it.

   Then Tom was ready to 26  the basketball games. Steve went to watch the games and enjoyed himself. They then  27 practiced basketball and read books together.

   So you can see, when  28  happens, something good may also happen. Steve showed Tom about books and Tom showed Steve about basketball.

So you can also  29 showing others something that you like to do and they can show you something that they like to do. 30 you can find new things to do.

21A. until B. when    C. after   D. where

22A. on seeing B. to call    C. to visit D.to look

23A. saw B. looked    C. read   D. found

24A. good     B. bad C. better   D. worse

25A. But B. However C. Finally D. So

26A. take B. win C. lose    D. join in

27A. always    B. never    C. seldom D. much

28A. anything good B. something nice C. something bad   D. anything wrong

29A. try B. practice   C. enjoy D. like

30A . On the way B. By the way C. In a way D. In this way

A:BCDBC    DACAD

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BCDBC    DACAD

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南极冷还是北极冷?

袁林喜

    ①1929年11月29日,美国海军中校理查德·伯德飞越南极,成为第一个飞越南极的人。而就在3年以前,伯德也成功飞越了北极。所以也是第一个同时飞越过两极的人。

    ②你如果遇到他,会问什么问题呢?恐怕很多人会问这个问题:南极冷还是北极冷?

    ③南极冷还是北极冷?先让我们来看看中国的两极考察站。北极的黄河站位于北纬79°,夏天拜访那儿的人可以发现,考察站周围的海湾积雪全融化了,大量苔原植物生长繁茂,甚至出现很多开花植物,北极绒鸭、北极燕鸥等海鸟活跃起来,呈现出一片鸟语花香的景象,让人怀疑是否真的到了北极!相比之下,位于南纬62°的长城站却是另一番景象,考察站区常年积雪不融化,温度也低,动植物种类稀少。数据显示:北极的年平均气温为-10℃左右,最低纪录为-70℃;而南极的年平均气温为-25℃至-30℃,最低纪录是-90℃。显然,南极要比北极冷!

    ④那么,是什么原因导致南极比北极更冷呢?

    ⑤首先是南极与北极的地形差异。南极为大海包围的陆地,面积约 1400 万平方千米,其中约98%被大陆冰盖覆盖,而且这些冰盖的平均厚度可达近2000米,终年不化。北极地区则是陆地包围海洋,北冰洋主要被欧亚、北美大陆所包围,面积约1310万平方千米,其中冰面积约为850万平方千米,仅为南极冰面积的60%左右。而且,北极地区的冰雪在夏季会大量融化,导致夏季冰面积更小。此外,北极的北冰洋海水的热容量大,吸热本领强,吸收的热量就更多,导致北极比南极要暖和得多。

    ⑥其次,南极海拔比北极高。南极平均海拔高度为2350米,其中超过3000米的地方约占南极大陆面积的25%,最高约5140米,是世界上平均海拔最高的大洲。而北极近2/3的面积都是海洋,平均海拔仅与海平面相当。海拔越高温度就会越低,正所谓“高处不胜寒”,因此南极就会比北极气温更低。

    ⑦第三,南极热量交换比北极少。由于南大洋有绕南极的西风环流和南大洋环流,南极无论是大气环流还是大洋环流均比较封闭,与中低纬度的热量交换较少,得不到热量的有效补充。相比较而言,北极地区与中低纬度的大气环流和大洋环流的交换则比较频繁,来自于中低纬度的热量可以通过环流向北极地区进行有效输送,这样就导致北极比南极温暖。