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    呜呼!盛衰之理,虽曰天命,岂非人事哉!庄宗之所以得天下,与其所以失之者,可以知之矣。

    世言晋王之将终也,以三矢赐庄宗而告之曰:“梁,吾仇也;燕王,吾所立;契丹与吾为兄弟,而皆背晋以归梁。此三者,吾遗恨也。与尔三矢,尔其无忘父之志!”庄宗受而藏之于庙。其后用兵,则遣从事以一少牢告庙,请其矢,盛以锦囊,负而前驱,及凯旋而纳之。

    方其系燕父子以梁君臣之首,入于太庙,还矢先王,而告以成功,其意气之盛,可谓壮哉!及仇雠已灭,天下已定,一夫夜呼,乱者四应,仓皇东出,未及见贼而士卒离散,君臣相顾,不知所归,至于誓天断发,泣下沾襟,其衰也!岂得之难而失之易欤?抑本其成败之迹,而皆自于人欤?《书》曰:“满招损,谦得益。”忧劳可以兴国,逸豫可以亡身,自然之理也。

    故方其盛也,举天下之豪杰,莫能与之争;及衰也,数十伶人困之,而身死国灭,天下笑。夫祸患常积于忽微,而智勇多困于所溺岂独伶人也哉?

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    Every day, we are inching closer to some kind of artificial intelligence. Advances in big data, machine learning and robotics are going to give us a world where computers are effectively intelligent in terms of how we deal with them. Should you be scared by this? Absolutely, but not in the usual “robot overlords” (机器人帝国) kind of way. Instead, the real fear should be about getting human beings wrong, not getting AI right.

    The key to the technology is the ability of computers to recognize human emotions based on the ‘‘activation” of muscles in the face. A computer can identify the positions of facial muscles and use them to infer the emotional state of its user. Then the machine responds in ways that take that emotional state into account.

    One potential application of it is to provide “emotional robots” for the elderly. Having a machine that could speak in a kind way would comfort a lonely older person. That is a good thing, right? But that won't also relieve us from questioning how we ended up in a society that takes care of the elderly because we don't know what else to do with them? Can't we have more humane solutions than robots?

    “Emotion data” aren't the same thing as the real and vivid emotional experiences we human beings have. Our emotions are more than our faces or voices. How can they be pulled out like a thread, one by one, from the fabric of our being?

    Research programs can come with much philosophical concern, too. From the computers' point of view, what the computing technology captures are emotions, but at its root is a reduction of human experience whose outward expressions can be captured algorithmically (计算上). As the technology is used in the world, it can reframe the world in ways that can be hard to escape from.

    The technology will clearly have useful applications, but once it treats emotions as data, we may find that it is the only aspect of emotion we come to recognize or value. Once billions of dollars floods into this field, we will find ourselves trapped in a technology that is reducing our lives. Even worse, our “emotion data” will be used against us to make money for someone else. And that is what scares me about AI.