题干

 阅读下列材料:
材料一 自强运动是晚清政府在内忧外患交困的危急形势下的一个自救运动。由于在对内对外战争中对西方的坚船利炮的威力大开眼界,对来自西洋的“数千年来未有之强敌”(李鸿章语)开始有所认识,这样才能转而主张缓和与西方的紧张关系,并引进西方军事技术,以求“御侮自强”之术 。
-----罗荣渠 《现代化新论》
材料二 上海轮船招商局创办三年内,外轮就提携1300万两(白银)。湖北官办织布局后,江南海关每年洋布进口减少10万匹。
-----摘自 《中国近代史资料选编》
材料三 辛亥革命成功后不久,上海的报纸不无戏谑地罗列了革命前后的变化:共和政体成,专制政体灭;中华民国成,清朝灭;总统成,皇帝灭;新内阁成,旧内阁灭;新官制成,旧官制灭;┄┄。
----张鸣《辛亥革命前后:摇晃的中国》
材料四 胡适说,北大是因为三个兔子而成名的,一是老兔子蔡元培;二是中兔子陈独秀,三是小兔子胡适本人(三人年有长幼,但都属兔)
-----洪向华主编 《复兴之路》

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    “I never wanted to come on this stupid hiking trip!” Jeff's voice was panicked. His father stopped and turned to look at the boy.

    “This is hard on you, son. But you've got to come through with your courage.”

    “But I am scared!” Jeff shouted.

    “Please have enough love for your brother to think this through!” His father replied, “We just don't have the time to stop. And I don't know if I can make it without stopping every so often. While you're only ten, you're strong and fast. Do you remember the way back from here to the road, if you had to go alone?”

    Jeff flashed back to the painful scene of his seventeen-year-old brother Mark at their campsite. He'd been bitten by a snake during a rough hike. He needed medical attention right away. Worse still, their cell phone was dead.

    “Jeff? Could you make it to Flint without me? You can get help there.”

    Jeff nodded, said goodbye to his father and continued climbing over the rocks. The rocks and branches threatened his footing and speed, but stone by stone, he made his way up the valley.

    Jeff turned and made the final climbing-up toward the road. When he reached it, he rested himself, breathless. “Can't stop,” he thought. “Mark's in big trouble Keep going.” Just as he pulled himself upright, a truck sped by, heading for Flint " Hey!” he shouted excitedly, waving both arms. The truck stopped, "Jump in, boy! What's up? "The driver asked, Jeff got in and explained. Immediately the driver reached for his cell phone. “Help! Help! Better get the helicopter in there,” he seemed to be shouting into his hand. But Jeff wasn't sure about that because everything got unclear and then went black and quiet.

    Hours later, Jeff opened his eyes to find himself in a hospital, with his father nearby. His father told him that the helicopter airlifted Mark to the hospital and he would be fine in a few days. His father hiked himself out of that valley and took a ride from someone to the town. “You're a hero, son,” his father finally said with a smile.“ You saved Mark.”