大量事实表明，孟德尔发现的基因遗传行为与染色体的行为是平行的。据此做出如下推测，哪一项是没有说服力的（  ）

   This is a picture of Mr Black's family. The man is Mr Black. The woman is Mrs Black. They have a son and a daughter. The son is behind Mr Black. He looks like his mother. His name is Mike. He's thirteen. Their daughter, Ann is behind Mrs Black. She is eleven. Mike and Ann are in the same school. But they are not in the same grade. Mike is in Grade Nine. Ann is in Grade Seven. They are good students at school. Mike likes English, but he doesn't like math. Ann likes Chinese and math. She also likes singing English songs.
根据短文内容完成下列句子，每空一词。

明清之际的进步思想家提倡“实学”，强调把学术研究和现实的政治联系起来，由此而形成的思想是（   ）