题干

合成氨对化学工业和国防工业具有重要意义.

(1)向合成塔中按1:4的物质的量之比充入N2、H2进行氨的合成,图A为T℃时平衡混合物中氨气的体积分数与压强(P)的关系图.

①写出工业上合成氨的化学方程式____ 

②图A中氨气的体积分数为15.00%时,H2的转化率=____ 

③图B中T=500℃,温度为450℃对应的曲线是____ (选填字母“a“或“b”),选择的理由是____

④由图象知,增大压强可提高原料的利用率,从生产实际考虑增大压强需解决的问题是____ (写出一条即可).

(2)合成氨所需的氢气可由甲烷与水反应制得,反应的热化学方程式为:

CH4(g)+H2OCO(g)+3H2(g);△H=+QkJ/mol(Q>0)

(3)一定温度下,在2L容器中发生上述反应,各物质的物质的量变化如下表

时间/min

CH4(mol)

H20( mol)

CO (mol)

H2 (mol)

0

0.40

1.00

0

0

5

X1

X2

X3

0.60

7

Y1

Y2

0.20

Y3

10

0.21

0.81

0.19

0.62

①分析表中数据,判断5〜7min之间反应是否处于平衡状态____ (填“是”或“否”),

前5min平均反应速率v(CH4)=____ 

②反应在7~10min之间,CO的物质的量减少的原因可能是____ (填字母).

a·减少CH4      b·降低温度c·增大压强d·充入H2

③若保持温度不变,向1L容器中起始充入0.15mol CH4.0.45mol H2O.____ mol CO、____ mol H2,达到平衡时CH4的体积百分含量与第一次投料相同.

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

N2+3H22NH3,24.45%,b,\u5408\u6210\u6c28\u7684\u6b63\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u653e\u70ed\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u52d2\u590f\u7279\u5217\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6e2

同类题5

阅读理解

    In 1975, George Carlin appeared on a popular TV show, Saturday Night Live, with his famous words about blue food. “Why is there no blue food? I can't find blue food—I can't find the flavor of blue! I mean yellow is lemon; orange is orange and red is cherry. Where is the blue food?”

    Well, Carlin pretty much has it right—there is not no blue food, but there's certainly not a lot of it. Fresh-picked blueberries are blue, though they become purple when they are turned into jam. The blue in blueberries—like the purple in grapes and red in tomatoes—is found in nature. But it isn't a hot color for food. People don't seem to prefer blue food. Some diet programs even suggest that those determined to lose weight should make their food blue.

    Eating, in part, begins with our eyes. Chares Spence—an experimental psychologist from Oxford University—points out that color can change our taste experience. Commonly, we consider red-colored foods up to 20% sweeter than they actually are; and green foods as being more sour. Spence suggests: human expectations may be influenced by our long history of watching—green fruits can become sweet as they grow up and turn red.

    But what about blue? Except blueberries, much of the blue food we see these days is dyed blue artificially. Food producers argue that artificial color doesn't do much damage to health. A lot of research shows that some physical problems of kids are related to food dyes—while other studies show no effects at all. Blue birthday cake or even blue-dyed chicken can be served on the dinner table. So what?