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    Long ago, a wolf called Howler lived in a valley where lots of fruit trees grew. He often tried to climb up the trees to eat the fruit, but couldn't reach.

    In the valley, an old man named Martin also had a few fruit trees that he looked after very well. But as he was getting older, he noticed that he didn't have the strength to pick the fruit.

    Martin had the most beautiful fruit trees in the valley, which was why Howler had his eye on them. One day he decided to steal the fruit and started jumping up and down the tree.

    Martin looked out of the window and realized that the wolf was trying to steal fruit from his beautiful trees. Howler jumped and jumped, but he couldn't reach even the lowest branches of such a big tree.

    Seeing this, Martin had a great idea: he offered Howler a ladder to climb up, but in return the wolf would have to give him half of the fruit. Howler accepted the deal and began to collect the fruit. For the whole morning, he went up and down the ladder filling his basket with the fruit.

    Howler soon realized that he could eat all the fruit if he didn't give Martin some. He thought up a new and secret plan. Martin, on the other hand, trusted Howler and even began to think they would be friends forever.

But the wolf stole the ladder and went off to other trees in the area for more fruit.

    Realizing that the ladder was missing, Martin went looking for it. Martin felt very disappointed at the trick and no longer trusted Howler. Though he wasn't angry with the wolf and they became friends again, he never made any more deals with him.

    At last, Howler learned that he shouldn't trick people and he should keep promises. He also learned that if he had been honest and not greedy, he would still have been able to enjoy more delicious fruit.

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同类题5

阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料一  中国古代监察官员,在行使监察权力之时,监察机关与监察官员以法律为准绳依法监察。历朝对于严格监察官员的选任主要奉行三条原则:其一,注重监察官员的基本素质。其二,注重在具有实际政治经验和有良好治绩的各级官吏中选拔监察官。其三,晋升从优,出将入相。御史台至东汉时已开始独立行使职权,魏晋以后成为皇帝亲自掌握的机构,台官的地位也相对独立,往往不受台主牵制,而直接向皇帝上章弹奏。......宋朝时加大对失职者责任的追究,监察官员倘有滥用权力,如有案件长期积压、定罪量刑错误、钱粮埋没等项依律处理。

——摘自杨丛樱《中国监察制度的演进》

材料二  中国古时举行考试和监察制度,也有很好的成绩,像满清的御史,唐朝的谏议大夫,都是很好的监察制度......。有一切的灾难只有一个原因,那就是普遍的又是有系统的贪污。只有用根绝官吏贪污的办法才行。因此,中国的前途“只有革命”。

政权就可以说是民权。民权是新力量,政府是旧机器,我们现在要解决民权问题,便要另造一架新机器,是要分开权和能。人民是要有权的,机器是要有能的。我们防止一切的流弊,便要采用外国的行政权、立法权、司法权,加入中国的考试权和监察权,建成一个很好的完璧,造成一个五权分立的政府。

——摘编孙中山的一次演讲