One little miracle (奇迹) has been happening to me recently， and it gives me a special joy.

    A few months ago， I was telling my daughter， Sally， some stories about my mother. My daughter was so young when my mother died that she doesn't remember her well. I told her all I could remember， like how wonderful my mother was and how much she meant to me.

    One day， Sally was sad because her grandmother was in heaven (天堂) and she couldn't

    see her. I explained that though her grandmother was dead， now she was still watching over us and could send us something to let us know she was there. She could be anywhere， even riding invisibly (看不见地) on the back of a butterfly (蝴蝶). Just after I said this， a butterfly flew down right by us， and we laughed happily.

    Now many people would say it was just luck that the butterfly flew down at that time. A funny thing， however， has happened since then. Every time I go out in any type of weather I see butterflies. Very often they fly right by my face to get my attention. I always say hi to Mom，send her my love， and thank God for little miracles.

    Everyone is always looking for some big miracles to come out and save them when they are in trouble， but they don't notice the little miracles that happen every day right in front of their eyes. I know what they really are， however. For me little miracles are the best kind. So many little miracles happen around me all the time that I know they are not just luck.

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                                                                                                                                         道士救虎
        苍筤之山，溪水合流，入于江。有道士筑于其上，以事佛，甚谨。一夕，山水大出，漂室庐，塞溪而下，人骑木乘屋，号呼求救者，声相连也。道土具大舟，躬蓑笠，立水浒，督善水者绳以俟。人至，即投木、索引之，所存活甚众。平旦，有兽，身没波涛中，而浮其首，左右盼，若求救者。道士曰：“是亦有生，必速救之!”舟者应言往，以木接上之，乃虎也。始则矇矇然，坐而舐其毛；比及岸，则瞠目视道士，跃而攫之，仆地。舟人奔救，道士得不死，而重伤焉。

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精神栖身于茅屋

周国平

       如果你爱读人物传记，你就会发现，许多优秀人物生前都非常贫困。最著名的印象派画家凡•高，现在他的一幅画已经卖到了几千万美元，可是，他活着时，他的一张画连一餐饭钱也换不到，经常挨饿，一生穷困潦倒。要论家境，他的家族几乎控制着全欧洲的美术市场。作为一名画家，他有得天独厚的便利条件，可以像那些平庸画家那样迎合时尚以谋利，成为一个富翁，但他不屑于这么做。他说，他不可能把他唯一的生命耗费在给非常愚蠢的人画非常蹩脚的画上面，做艺术家并不意味着靠卖画挣钱，而是要去发现一个未被发现的新世界。

       另一个荷兰人斯宾诺莎是名垂史册的大哲学家，他为了保持思想的自由，宁可靠磨镜片的收入维持最简单的生活，谢绝了海德堡大学以不触犯宗教为前提要他去当教授的聘请。

       我并不提倡苦行僧哲学。事实上，人的肉体需要是很有限的，无非是温饱，超于此的便是奢侈，而人要奢侈起来却是没有尽头的。你本来习惯于骑自行车，不觉得有什么欠缺，可是，当你看到周围不少人开上了汽车，你就会觉得你缺汽车，有必要也买一辆。富了还想更富，事实上也必定有人比你富，于是你永远不会满足，不得不去挣越来越多的钱。这样，赚钱便成了你人生的唯一目的。即使你是画家，你哪里还顾得上真正的艺术追求？即使你是学者，你哪里还会在乎科学的良心？

       所以，自古以来，一切贤哲都主张简朴的生活方式，目的就是不当物质欲望的奴隶，追求精神的富有。古罗马哲学家塞涅卡说得好，“自由人以茅屋为居室，奴隶才在大理石和黄金下栖身”；柏拉图也说：“胸中有黄金的人是不需要住在黄金屋顶下面的。”我非常喜欢关于苏格拉底的一个传说，这位被尊称为“师中之师”的哲人在雅典市场上闲逛，看了那些琳琅满目的货摊后惊叹：“这里有多少我用不着的东西呵！”的确，一个追求精神财富的人必定淡然于物质的奢华，而一个人如果安于简朴的生活，他即使不是哲学家，也离哲学家不远了。

（选自《周国平文集》，有删改）

下列哪一个国家与其它三国相比，走上资本主义道路的方式明显不同（    ）