材料一      魏初，民多荫附；荫附者皆无官役，而豪强征敛倍于公赋。……由是始议均田。诸男夫十五以上受田四十亩，妇人二十亩……人年及课则受田，老免及身没则还田。

——《资治通鉴》卷一三六

材料二     (太和)九年，(北魏孝文帝)下诏均给天下民田：……诸土广民稀之处，随力所及，官借民种莳（即种植）……诸地狭之处……乐迁者听逐空荒，不限异州他郡，唯不听避劳就逸。其地足之处，不得无故而移。……诸宰民之官，各随地给公田，刺史十五顷，太守十顷，治中别驾各八顷，县令、郡丞六顷。更代(离职)相付。卖者坐(处罚)如律。

——《魏书·食货志》

根据材料，结合所学知识回答：

材料：鲜肝匀浆，3%过氧化氢，pH分别为5.0，6.0，7.0，8.0的缓冲液、量筒、滤纸片、反应小室（如A图）等．

方法步骤：①反应小室旋转180°，使过氧化氢溶液接触滤纸片，记录在0.5min、1min时产生的气体量②托盘加水至快满为止    ③将2片有酶的滤纸片粘在反应小室的一侧内壁上    ④将量筒横放，灌满水    ⑤反复冲洗反应小室，重复实验，测量pH6.0，pH7.0，pH8.0时产生的气体量      ⑥将8片滤纸放入鲜肝匀浆浸泡1min，用镊子夹起     ⑦反应小室平放在盘中，将量筒移至反应小室伸出的玻璃管上方      ⑧加入pH5.0的缓冲液2mL、3%过氧化氢溶液2mL．将反应小室瓶口塞紧．

写出反义词

庄重—____     疲倦—____        偶尔—____     顽强—____

B

    Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark at night. However, the electric light was not his only invention. Nearly every two weeks, he created something new.

    Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but he was mostly self-educated. He started trying out his new ideas at a very young age.

    When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience didn't end well. He was fired when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked as a telegraph operator (电报员) for five years, but he continued to spend much of his time creating things until the vote recorder (投票计数器), his first invention, came in 1868.

    Thomas Edison was nearly deaf in one ear, but he never minded. Because of this, he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24 hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to eat and sleep. Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world.