题干

根据材料完成下列各题。

      印刷术的发明开创了广告的新纪元。我国毕昇最先发明了活字印刷术,最早的工商业印刷是北宋时期(公元960年——1127年)济南刘家针铺的广告铜版,现存于上海博物馆。这是至今发现的世界最早的印刷广告物。印刷术从中国传到西方后,使西方广告进入了新的阶段。

      1473年英国第一个出版人威廉·坎克斯印刷了许多宣传宗教内容的印刷广告,张贴在伦敦街头,这是西方最早的印刷广告,比我国北宋刘家针铺印刷广告晚三四百年。

      1622年英国尼古拉斯·布朗和托马斯·珂切尔创办的第一份英文报纸《每周新闻》在伦敦出版。在这一年中,有一则书籍广告。1650年在有关“国会的几则诉讼程序”一栏里,登出某家12匹马被盗的寻马悬赏启事。以后,在1710年阿迪逊和斯提尔又在《观察家》杂志中刊登了有关推销茶叶、咖啡、巧克力、书刊、房产、成药拍卖物品以及转让物品的广告。

      到1830年,美国已有1200种报纸,其中65种是日报。许多报纸第一版大部或整版都是广告。从1830年—1850年间是便士报时代,因为每份售价一便士,价格低廉,销路增加,对广告的效力,也相应提高。在报纸广告盛行的同时,杂志广告也不断增加,并出现了广告代理商和广告公司。

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    Do you want to cure all the diseases in the world? It seems like an impossible job, but Priscilla Chan is trying really hard to achieve it.
Chan is a 32-year-old woman from the United States. Many people may know her as the wife of Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook. But Chan herself has done a lot to help people.
    Chan and Zuckerberg said in September they would give out $3 billion(20 billion yuan) in the next 10 years to help deal with all of the world's diseases. As a doctor, Chan was a big driver in this decision. “We hope that all of our children can live long and healthy lives in the future,” she said.
    Besides health, Chan also cares about children's education. Before becoming a doctor, Chan taught science to fourth and fifth graders at a school in California for a year. This year she started a project called The Primary School. It provides education for children from kindergarten to the twelfth grade.
    Chan herself knows how important education is to a child. She has a Chinese father and a Vietnamese mother. Her parents didn't receive much education. But they worked hard to make sure Chan and their other two daughters would have the best opportunities. Chan went to Harvard University in 2003 and now works as a doctor. “ I realized that I was so lucky to be what I was,” said Chan. “so now, I will try my best to help others. I hope they can also have their opportunities to reach their dreams and be what they would like to be.”