题干

两实验小组使用相同规格的元件,按图示电路进行同一实验(其中a、b、c、d、e为滑动变阻器上五个间距相等的位置,a、e为滑动变阻器上的两个端点)。电源电压U=3伏,电阻R=1欧,滑动变阻器的最大阻值为4欧。首先他们将滑动变阻器的滑片P置于a,然后闭合开关,他们将滑动变阻器的滑片P分别置于a、b、c、d、e五个位置,把相应的电流表示数记录在表一、表二中。对比两组数据,发现电流表示数不完全相同。经检查,发现其中一个实验组使用的滑动变阻器发生了断路。

表一(第一实验组)

    P的位置

 a

  b

   c

   d

   e

电流表的示数/安

 0

 0

 1.00

 1.50

 3.00

表二(第二实验组)

   P的位置

    a

    b

   c

  X

    d

    e

电流表的示数/安

0.60

0.75

1.00


1.50

3.00

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    Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said: “Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.”

    A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.

    Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染)other students.

    Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I'm just not creative.”

    “Do you dream at night when you're asleep?”

    “Oh, sure.”

    “So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That's pretty creative. Who does that for you? “

    “Nobody. I do it.”

    “Really-at night, when you're asleep?”

    “Sure.”

    “Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”