题干

工业文明的浪潮对世界各国产生了广泛而深远的影响。阅读材料,回答问题。

    材料一:英国18世纪中期至19世纪中期工业生产情况(部分)

——改编自达·赫·威尔逊《英国史》

    材料二:自西方人1514年到中国起,(这)是他们积325年窥探之后的一逞。炮声震撼了中国,也震撼了亚洲。对于中国来说,这是一块界碑。它铭刻了中世纪古老的社会在炮口逼迫下走入近代的最初一步。

——陈旭麓《近代中国社会的新陈代谢》

   材料三:西方传教士“带来了这些西方文明的样本,但……只是代表了西学的一缕微弱之光,在一小部分较进步的中国士大夫中间隐约闪亮。”

——徐中约《中国近代史》

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同类题4

阅读下面短文,从所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    Once, a professor held a test on his students. The professor started with the following question, “Now,1 you are going to cut trees on a hill. One of the trees has a big 2 while the other's small. Which will you cut?” The question got a quick 3, “Of course the big one! No need to4 .”

    The professor5, “The big tree is a poplar(白杨)6seen everywhere, while the small one is a Korean pine. Consider again?” A second7brought students more sense: a Korean pine is much more8than the poplar, so they changed their decision. “9 we'll cut the pine. The poplar isn't worth our10.”  Smile still11on the professor's face. “But the pine's trunk is less12than the poplar.” Rather puzzled, they became13, then said, “While, we'll cut the poplar.” The professor gave more detail. “14the poplar is straight, the trunk became empty within. Then what's your choice?”

    Finally one of the students lost his15and said, “Professor, you have asked a series of questions leading us to change our answers16. What do you want to 17 after all?”

    The professor's smile18. He said, “Why none of you ask me for what purpose to cut the tree? Though my questions 19all the way, they are decided by one thing: your20to take the action. If it aims at making handicraft articles you may cut the pine; if you just want to have some firewood, you'd better cut the poplar.”