题干

【法治篇:探自由进程】阅读材料,回答问题

【为自由而战】

材料一:华盛顿有所为,美利坚民族得以独立;华盛顿有所不为,美利坚人民不受其害。

——易中天《美国宪法的诞生和我们的反思》

材料二:“一百多年前,一位伟大的美国人签署了《解放宣言》。这项很重要的法令像一盏希望的航灯出现在千百万黑人奴隶面前……”

——马丁•路德•金1963年8月的演说

【为民主立法】

材料三:摘自《人权宣言》

第一条:在权利方面,人们生来是而且始终是自由平等的……

第六条:法律是公共意志的表现。……法律对所有的人,无论是施行保护或处罚都是一样的。在法律面前,所有的公民都是平等的……

第十七条:财产是神圣不可侵犯的权利,……任何人的财产不得受到剥夺。

【为统治而变】

材料四:1861年改革是国内外形势挑战的结果。当时的俄国,危险和机遇并存,沙皇政府的当权者认识到了这一点,并实行各阶级阶层的利益分配。

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    April is Financial Literacy Month,when Americans of all ages are encouraged to learn how to be smart about money.And this year,fifth­grade Rachel Kelly from Naperville,Illinois,is already at the head of her class.Kelly,11, won a nationwide contest called the Stock Market Game.

    Students who take part in the Stock Market Game,run by the SIFMA Foundation,a financial­education organization,pretend to buy stocks (股票) worth $100,000.Then they have to read financial news over several days to see if their investments would have gained money or lost money and write an article explaining their choices.

    “I  wanted  to  choose  a  company  that was well­known,” writes Kelly.“I thought about products that I see every day,so cars came to my mind.” Kelly picked the Japanese car company Honda Motors.“Honda Motor Company is the No.1 producer of motorcycles in the world and the fifth­largest producer of automobiles behind Toyota,Volkswagen,General Motors and Hyundai,” says Kelly.

    Honda makes many different kinds of cars,which Kelly thinks makes the company a safe investment.She explains that even if the cost of gas goes up,Honda has a good chance of staying in business because of the company's fuel­efficient cars,which run on less gas than most cars made today.

    “If one of their departments is not doing so well,it won't affect the overall company sales,” she writes.

    Because the stock Kelly picked performed well and her article was persuasive,Kelly won this year's contest.About 600,000 students from 4th to 12th grade competed.