家徽

    ①国有国徽，校有校徽，厂有厂徽。奇怪吗？我家竟有家徽。我家的家徽是一条鱼，一条画在门板上的鱼。那条鱼的图案画得很笨拙，线条零乱而粗糙，只能让人意会到是条鱼而已。但它却有不寻常的来历。

    ②祖父在世时，膝下有父亲他们弟兄四个，个个都是牛高马大的男子汉。民国初年，战乱频繁，家庭仗着几个男人下死力气勉强维持温饱。

    ③一天夜半，父亲起来小解，发现一个人影蹿进了厨房，他便喊叫起来，同时马上守住厨房门口。不一会儿，父亲弟兄几个都起来了，他们点着灯，拿着大木棒子和斧头，仔细地搜索着厨房的每一个角落，那时粮食就是性命，大家决心不把这窃贼打死，也得让他残废。厨房的旮旮旯旯都搜遍了，却没发现人。父亲弟兄几个说父亲定是半夜眼花，父亲赌咒发誓说肯定有人。还在大家争辩时祖父来了，祖父让儿子们都去睡觉。等他们走了之后，祖父走到水缸边，敲敲盖子，说：“你不用躲了，出来吧。”只见水缸里水淋淋地站起一个人。这人一手擎着水缸木盖，浑身颤抖，面无人色，另一只手里，还攥着一布袋大米。

    ④祖父望着窃贼，叹口气说：“算了，你走吧，要是让我的儿子们看见了，你今天非残废不可。”

    ⑤贼傻望着祖父，他不敢相信祖父就这样轻易地让他走，但祖父分明是平静地挥了挥手，贼便从水缸里爬出来。祖父又把那水淋淋的米袋子交给他说：“带上它吧，它可帮你家度几天日子。”贼要说什么，眼眶却红了，低着头，提着米袋子往外走，走到门口。“慢着，”祖父又叫住他，塞给他一串铜钱，“你拿这钱去做点小生意，再也不要干这伤天害理的勾当了。”

    ⑥贼“扑通”一声跪在地上，给祖父磕了几个响头便走了。

    ⑦不知过了多久，一天清晨，祖父一开门，便在门环上发现了一条两斤多的鲜鱼。祖父先是感到奇怪，但他马上就猜到是那贼送来的，那人大约是做了贩鱼的生意。

    ⑧自此以后，我家门环上经常出现鲜鱼，家里便经常可以改善生活。大约吃了几十条鱼后，祖父感到不安，说人家是小本经营，别吃垮了人家。于是连着几天半夜守候着，一直熬了三个夜，终于让祖父遇见了那送鱼人，谁知不是那个贼，却是一个年轻渔人。这渔人是那贼的儿子，贼在临终前嘱咐他要坚持送鱼到我家来。祖父和父亲他们听得连连点头。为了不违亡人遗愿，祖父拿过一把刀子，让年轻人在我家门上刻一条鱼，并说从此不许他再送鱼，就用这条刻下的鱼替代好了。

    ⑨于是，我们按照祖父的意思，每次做屋或换门时，都保留着这鱼的图案。

    ⑩它，自然而然地成了我家的家徽。

（选自《余华作品集》，文章有删改）

下列不属于传染病特点的是：                                   （　）

下列有关我国各民族的地区分布状况的描述，正确的是（  ）

微波是一种很有“个性”的电磁波：微波一碰到金属就发生反射，金属根本无法吸收或传导它；微波可以穿过玻璃、陶瓷、塑料等绝缘材料，但不会消耗能量；微波碰到含有水分的食物，其能量大部分被食物吸收．过量的微波辐射对人体有害．微波炉的外壳用不锈钢等金属材料制成，装食物的容器则用绝缘材料制成．微波炉内的磁控管能产生振动频率为2.45×10⁹Hz的微波，直达食物内部5cm深，使食物中的水分子也随之振动，剧烈振动产生大量的热能被食物吸收，于是食物“煮”熟了．用微波炉烹饪的速度比其它炉灶快4至10倍，热效率高达80%以上．

阅读短文，下列问题

Dear Liz,

    My stay in Thailand has certainly been the experience of my life.

Life is busy and exciting. Bangkok is just like any other big city with a population of 10 million and heavy traffic. I'm very lucky because my host family is in a nice quiet area outside the city. There are Mr. and Mrs. Phairat,their son Sanan, who is 18,the daughter Chinda, who is 16, and Grandpa and Grandma.

    I go to an international school with Sanan and Chinda. The school teaches about 70 percent in English, and 30 percent in Thai. I've learned some spoken language, but Thai writing is very difficult. The cooking lesson is my favourite. I'm learning all about Thai food and culture. People don't use chopsticks here, but spoons and forks. When I come back, I'm going to cook you a real Thai meal.

    Last weekend we visited some temples. We also drove to Pattaya beach near Bangkok. I thought it was great, but Sanan and Chinda say that next month they're taking me to Phuket Island, where the beaches are even more beautiful. The month after next, we're going to travel to Mr. Phairat's hometown in the north of Thailand. The Phairats own land there, and they have two elephants. I'm going to ride those elephants—and even wash them. Sanan and Chinda say it's really fun.

I'm amazed by everything in this country, especially by the elephants. Elephants are an important part of Thai culture and way of life.They have been a traditional symbol （象征） of Thailandfor many years in times of war and peace. In the seventh century, a Thai king trained 20,000 elephants for battle. I'll tell you all about my Thai boxing（拳击）lessons next time I write.

Love,

Mandy