题干

近年来,村务公开、政务公开、审计“风暴”、新闻发言人制度、“立法听证会”、“价格听证会”已成为老百姓耳熟能详的词语。如果你来概括这些变化,你会选择:
①公民的基本政治权利落到实处
②社会主义民主政治在发展中完善
③社会主义民主具有真实性
④公民直接参与管理国家的途径日益广泛    

A:①②

B:②③

C:①④

D:②④

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

B

同类题3

阅读下面这篇文章,完成下列各题。

学会“拐弯”

    ①我国杰出的语言文字学家、“汉语拼音之父”周有光,今年105岁了,除了耳朵需要戴助听器外,思维敏捷,笔耕不止,每月都有文章发表在国内外的报刊上。央视采访他的长寿秘诀时,周老说:“凡事要想得开,要有一个好心态。”主持人开玩笑地说:“要是我还是想不开呢?”周老跟着说:“拐个弯,不就想开了嘛!拐个弯,坏事就是好事。”周老的“拐弯”说,是他百岁养生经验的概括和百年人生的智慧,也是对人们的忠告。

    ②历史像一辆在弯弯曲曲路上行进的车子,每个人都是坐在车上的乘客。车子拐弯了,不随着车子拐弯的人,就有掉下去的危险。斯大林对此说得更形象:“每当历史的车子在转弯时,总会有人从车子上掉下来。”原因就是这些人没有适应车子的转弯而主动转弯。爱因斯坦说:“人的最高本领是能够主动适应客观条件。”适应,用通俗的话说,就是会“拐弯”。由此可见,“拐弯”在人生的字典里是个关键词,由于每个人对这个词理解、掌握和运用的水平不同,就造成了千差万别的人生,演绎出五彩缤纷的世界。所以,人只有主动顺应历史潮流,主动适应客观条件“拐弯”,才能更好地生存和发展。

    ③俗话说,人生在世行路难,行不通时拐个弯。这个“拐弯”,不是放弃,不是退出,而是在迂回中窥测前进的方向,在困难中发现有利的因素,在审时度势后作出理智的选择。“文革”时北大著名教授季羡林被勒令守楼和听电话。一般人会觉得这是无法忍受的屈辱,可季老认为这是难得的好时光,便利用着3年“好时光”,翻译了280万字的印度史诗《罗摩衍那》,为中国翻译史和中印文化交流建起了一座丰碑。

    ④有人用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”:左边的一半代表向下,右边的一半代表向上;左边是向下的趋势,但到底部终止了,转为向上。这是形退实进,是消极状态向积极状态的转折。做一件事有时也是如此,本来以为走到了失败的境地,换一种角度去思考,你会突然发现其实正好走向另一成功的途径。伊朗建德黑兰皇宫时,设计者原打算把镜子镶嵌在墙面上的。当镜子从国外运抵工地后却被打破了,他们就大胆创新,将这些碎片镶嵌到墙壁和天花板上。于是,天花板和四壁看上去就像由一颗颗璀璨夺目的“钻石”镶嵌而成,德黑兰皇宫也因此成为世界上最漂亮的马赛克建筑。

    ⑤可见,人生天地间,学会“拐弯”是极为要紧的事。学会“拐弯”,不仅需要面对困难的好心态,需要化解困难的大智慧。

(选自《思维与智慧》2011年第9期,有改动)

同类题4

根据短文内容的理解, 选择正确答案。

    I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, "You mean fortunately." He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.

    My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationery exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.

    Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, "Character cannot be developed in ease. Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved."

    One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity (逆境). From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose the adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.

    Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, "Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that. That's nonsense. Make up your mind, you'll never use crutches (拐杖) or a stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible."

    The biographies (传记) of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won.

    Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.