题干

亚历山大二世改革以前,俄国已经面临着严峻危机,主要表现在:
①克里木战争失败  ②农奴制阻碍工业的发展
③十二月党人起义   ④各阶层强烈要求废除农奴制

A:①②③④

B:①②③

C:①③

D:①③④

上一题 下一题 0.0难度 选择题 更新时间:2017-10-16 05:13:50

答案(点此获取答案解析)

B

同类题2

阅读下面的文字,完成小题。

追求文学之“新”

宗仁发

    作为一名文学编辑,我的文学观无疑是和文学期刊这一文学载体联系在一起的。可能无须讳言,“喜新厌旧”是我作为文学编辑的职业本能,作家创作时是“删繁就简三秋树,标新立异二月花”,我们文学编辑在选取作品时也往往“惟新是举”。从进入这个行当起,我就是被办一本好杂志的理想所感召,而对文学之“新”的追求里,正寄托着我对什么是好杂志、什么是好的文学的理解。

    “新”首先意味着原创性,原创性是文学乃至文化的立身之本,因为文学在整个文化生态中处于源头的地位,倘若文学丧失了原创性,对于后续的文化链条的延伸就是灾难性的打击。文学的影视改编之所以一直活跃,正因为这里是原创力迸发的地方,投向文学的饥渴的目光一直都在,是文学在以充沛的题材、新颖的技巧和丰厚的思想力,源源不断地供给着其他文艺样式。

    “新”还意味着文学事业代代相传,后继有人,意味着“江山代有才人出,各领风骚数百年”的可能性。在文学新人身上蕴藏着革故鼎新的因子,看看有多少作家的第一部作品即是他的成名作、代表作就知道了。但是,刊发新人新作对文学期刊和编辑来说,却意味着一种风险和考验。对于一个有知名度的作家的稿件,编辑并不在稿件的水平、质量上负有多大的责任,即便作品写得不好,也少有人去责备编辑的水平问题;但刊发一个不知名作者的作品,如果作品不好,读者往往不会质问作者本人的水平,而更多的是质问编辑、刊物为什么发这样的稿子。所以衡量文学编辑的功夫高低,正要看他对默默无闻的作者的判断能力。那些后来成名的作家回忆最初进入文坛时遭遇杂志的退稿故事,不啻是给文学编辑的最好提醒。

    必须得承认,这种“喜新厌旧”是我作为期刊编辑从文学载体、文学生态出发的有意强调。从文学生态的整体着眼,任何一种文学载体都有可能是某种文学思潮的“接生婆”,也可能是一部未来经典作品的催生者,重要的是经住时间的考验,保持文学的创造性、延续性和多样性,呵护文学的“可能”。选择和发现什么样的作品,然后以什么样的方式进行传播,是时刻都在进行着的思考。在这个意义上,文学编辑的眼光本身就是一种创造力,是他对文学的千言万语。

(《人民日报》2017年6月13日14版,有删减)

同类题4

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    You want to run across the street to catch the bus which is leaving soon? But wait! You'd better not. If a policeman sees you, you'll have to pay a fine (罚款). New traffic laws (交通法) say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined as much as 50 yuan.

    Traffic accidents killed more than 104,000 people in China last year. Chinese cities have more cars than ever. Drivers and pedestrians (行人) must work together to make the streets safer.

    The law has new rules for drivers and pedestrians. Drivers have to slow down when they are close to crosswalks. If people are in a crosswalk, cars must stop to let them pass.

    There are rules for bus drivers, too. If bus drivers smoke, drink or make phone calls while driving, they can be fined. Buses that carry too many people are also against the law.

    Pedestrians will have to walk more safely under the new law. They must cross streets at crosswalks. Also, they shouldn't climb over the fences (栅栏) along streets.

    Do you bike to school? It's not a good idea to carry classmates on the back. You could be fined 50 yuan. And stay in the bike lane (慢车道) when you're riding. The big roads are for cars and buses. Do you like to ride your uncle's motorbike? When you put on your helmet (头盔), ask him to put one on, too. People on motorbikes must wear helmets, the new law says. If they don't, they'll have to pay 200 yuan. Do you ride in cars often? Don't forget to put on your seat belt (安全带), even if you're going for a short taxi ride. It could save your life.

    If you see a hit-and-run (肇事逃逸), tell the police. They may give you a reward (奖赏). And don't be afraid to help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident. Don't worry about money. The new law says that doctors must take care of them even if they can't pay right away.