题干

阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料一:自文艺复兴时代起,中央政权监督贸易,设置贸易实在障碍的能力扩大了。从“经济”上为保护主义辩护的理由多了起来,人们以“民族利益”进行干预。商人阶层政治权力的扩大伴随着此进程,而国家往往赋予他们对外贸易的垄断地位。近代的保护主义变得更有组织、更为官方,从某种意义上讲更为有效。从15世纪末开始,新兴的城市资产阶级要求建立一个强有力的中央集权的国家以实施保护主义政策,开拓国内外市场,展开了长达三百多年的保护主义探求:1485年的支持羊毛工业的贸易保护主义政策,1587年禁止羊毛出口,1660年的控制海上贸易的《航海条例》,1699年禁止羊毛制品进口的“羊毛法案”,1700年禁止销售印度棉布的法令,1815年限制谷物进出口的新《谷物法》等等。

——摘编自(法)帕斯卡·萨兰《自由贸易与保护主义》

材料二:《大公报》也大谈苏联,还把《苏联五年计划成功史》誉为“记者不可不读”之书。世界恐慌以来,贸易上从关税战争到集团的关税协定,从贸易限制到双方的数量限制协定……“旧有的制度都在动摇,更不要说那些基础在旧有的制度而产生出来的学说”,人为的操纵和干涉已成普遍现象,“统制经济已经风行全球”;对经济侵略的国家而言,实施统制经济便如虎添翼;而对于被侵略的国家,如若丢掉统制经济则无出路可言,“我国自从鸦片战争之后,便藩篱尽撤,经济国防了无设备。列强新的侵略方式已经开端,我国的国际贸易统制究竟如何?

——摘编自杨福林《国民政府战时贸易统制政策研究》

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    “A bird with a broken wing will never fly as high.” I'm sure that John would agree with this saying1he felt this way almost every day in school.

    By high school, John was the most famous2in his town. He was always absent, didn't answer questions and got into 3He had failed almost every exam by the time he entered his senior year, yet was 4each year to a higher grade level. Teachers didn't want to 5 him again the following year. John was moving on, but definitely not moving 6

    I met John for the first time at a weekend leadership training program since John was one of 405 students who7At the start of the training, John was just standing 8the circle of students, against the back wall. He didn't 9 join the discussion groups. But slowly, the interactive games 10 him in.

    The ice really melted (融化) when the groups started building a list of 11and negative things that had occurred at school that year. John12 some constructive ideas on those situations. The other students in John's group 13 his comments. All of a sudden John felt like a 14 of the group, and before long he was 15 like a leader. By the end of the training, he had joined the Homeless Project team. The other students on the team were 16 with his passionate concern and ideas. They17 elected John co-chairman of the team.

    John started18at school every day and answered questions from teachers for the first time. He led a second project19300 blankets and 1,000 pairs of shoes for the homeless shelter.

A bird with a broken wing only needs20. Once healed, it can fly higher than the rest.