下列各组大洲中，围绕北冰洋的是（　　）

      阅读《欣赏使人美丽》一文，完成小题。
      ①面对同一棵树，有人看到绿叶，有人看到了毛毛虫。真诚的人能够感知到他人的真诚，而骗子总觉得全世界的人都在说谎。善良的人会被别人的善举感动，在缺乏善心的人眼里，善就是傻……从这个意义上说，会不会欣赏别人是对自身品质的一种检验；学会欣赏别人，则是对自身品质的一种提升；对被欣赏者来说，欣赏是一种引导和激励。
      ②19世纪末，美国西部的密苏里有一个坏孩子，他偷偷地向邻居家的窗户扔石头，还把死兔子装进桶里放到学校的火炉里烧烤，弄得臭气熏天。他9岁那年，父亲娶了继母，并对继母说：“亲爱的，你要好好注意他，他是全郡最坏的孩子，他让我头疼死了，说不定会在明天早晨以前就向你扔石头，或者做出别的什么坏事，让你防不胜防。”继母好奇地走近这个孩子，当她对孩子有了了解之后说：“你错了，他不是全郡最坏的孩子，而是最聪明的孩子，只是还没有找到发挥他聪明的地方罢了。”继母很欣赏这个孩子，在她的引导下，这个孩子的聪明找到了发挥的地方，后来成了美国当代著名的企业家和思想家。这个人就是戴尔·卡内基。
      ③台湾作家林清玄去一家羊肉馆用餐，老板对他说：“你还记得我吗？”林清玄说：“记不起来了。”老板拿来一张20年前的旧报纸，那里有林清玄的一篇文章，那时他在一家报社当记者。这是一篇关于小偷的报道，小偷手法高超，作案上千次，次次得手，最后栽在一个反扒高手的手上。文章感叹道：“像心思如此细密，手法如此灵巧，风格如此独特的小偷，做任何一件事情都会有成就的吧！”老板告诉他：“我，就是那个小偷，是你的这段话引导我走上了正路。”如今他开了好几家羊肉馆，成了那里颇有名气的大老板。
      ④连小偷身上也有可欣赏的地方，连小偷也能在欣赏的引导下走上正路，我们周围还有什么人不能欣赏、不能被引导呢？
      ⑤学会欣赏别人吧！欣赏你的同事，你和同事之间会合作得更加亲密；欣赏你的下属，下属会工作得更加努力；欣赏你的爱人，你们的爱情会更加甜蜜；欣赏你的孩子，说不准他就是下一个卡内基……学会欣赏你周围所有的人，你周围的世界就会变得更加美丽。

阅读理解

    The science fiction type of entertainment is considered by mot to be fathered by Jules Verne (A Journey to the Center of the Earth and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea) and H. G. Wells (The Time Machine and The War of the Worlds). Sei-Fi, as it is commonly shortened, is a fictional story in which science and technology have a significant influence on the characters and plot. Many such works are guesswork about what the future holds and how scientific findings and technological advances will shape humankind.

    Writing in the late 1800s, Jules Verne was remarkably successful in his 10 guesses about future technologies of air conditioning, automobiles, the Internet, television, and underwater, air, and space travel. Unbelievably, of all places from which to choose, Jules Verne guessed Tampa, Florida, USA as the launching site of the first project to the Moon, which was only 200 kilometers away from the actual 1969 location at Cape Canaveral, Florida.

    One of the best-known science fiction books is Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell. Published in 1949, it was not meant as a prediction, but as a warning: Orwell was describing what he saw as the outcome of the ideas, trends, and emerging technologies of his time. Many invented terms from this novel have become common in everyday use, such as “big brother” and “doublethink”. Even the author's name has been made into an adjective—Orwellian—and has become a warning descriptor for situations where privacy is lost and the individual has no power and is completely controlled by the government. Nineteen Eighty-Four was translated into sixty-five languages within five years of its publication, setting a record that still stands.

    What helps bring science fiction into being is usually a new discovery or innovation. The author creates an analysis of the potential influence and consequences and then wraps it in a pleasant story. For example, the beginning of space exploration was followed a few years later by the Star Trek television program and movie series. The science fiction author's self-determined role is search the world of future possibilities upon the road which we are traveling.

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