题干

    There are some easy things you can do to protect(保护) the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
    ● Plant flowers, grass or trees.
    ●Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there--keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin (垃圾箱).
    ●Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This saves (节约)a lot of electricity.
    ●Turn off the tap (水笼头)when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
    ●Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.
    ●Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
    ●Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
    ●Use both sides of paper.
    ●Stop pouring (倒)dirty water into the rivers or the lakes nearby (附近).
    ●Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth.
    You don't have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day.
    If everyone makes a contribution (贡献)to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
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名人信件和日记能够反映时代风貌,下列材料反映了20世纪二三十年代美苏两国在经济发展和国家建设方面的探索和调整。
材料一:1933年富兰克林·罗斯福就任美国总统,不久,英国经济学家凯恩斯专门给他写了一封信,在信中他对罗斯福说:“您已经成为各国力求在现行制度范围内运用明智试验以纠正我们社会弊病的人们的委托人。”
材料二:1935年,法国文学大师罗曼·罗兰应邀访问苏联,后来他写信给斯大林说:“我看到了一个强大的国家,整个国家在布尔什维克领导下跟千百种障碍做不断的斗争,在英勇而秩序井然的高潮中,正在建设一个新世界。”罗曼·罗兰还根据他在苏联的见闻撰写了《莫斯科日记》,在日记中,他写道:“目前这些政策包含着某种消极的东西,这是不可避免的;我丝毫不怀疑,世界更美好的未来是与苏联的胜利连在一起的。”
——以上材料摘编自电视纪录片《大国崛起》解说词
阅读材料并结合所学知识,回答下列问题:
(1)材料一中的“明智试验”是指美国历史上哪次著名改革?此项改革与以往的资本主义经济政策相比有何显著特征?该改革对当时的美国和其他资本主义国家有何影响?
(2)依据材料二并从经济的角度看,20世纪30年代中后期,苏联“正在建设一个新世界”取得了怎样的成就?罗曼·罗兰认为苏联“目前这些政策包含着某种消极的东西”有何具体表现?
(3)根据材料一、材料二并结合所学,分析美苏两国在经济发展道路上的得与失对当代中国的经济建设有何启示?