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【解读大国崛起】大型电视纪录片《大国崛起》解读了15世纪以来世界大国崛起的历史。请阅读下列相关材料,回答问题:
材料一:它是第一个迈进现代社会的国家,在18世纪和19世纪的时候,它是世界发展的领头羊。自豪的英国人曾经以“日不落帝国”来形容自己的国家。
(1)根据材料一回答,作为第一个迈进现代社会的国家,当时的英国在经济发展方面有何先进之处?
材料二:正如哥伦布发现了美洲大陆一样,爱迪生不仅为美国开辟了一块发展的新天地,也寻找到走向强盛的钥匙。南北战争后的30年对美国来说,是勇于创新的时代,也是开始腾飞的时代。电灯的发明和电力系统的应用,使美国率先开启了电气时代,成为电力工业的故乡,并由此率先进入了第二次工业革命,在资本主义世界的竞争中,美国很快取代了英法的领先地位,以领头羊的姿态走在了世界前列。
(2)结合材料二和所学知识,说说为什么经历南北战争的美国能开始腾飞的时代?
材料三:大约在150多年前,位于太平洋西岸的岛国日本,……走上了一段充斥着悲剧和奇迹、混杂着屈服和刚强的历史。
(3)根据材料三回答,19世纪中期,日本历史上“悲剧和屈服”指的是什么?而日本创造“奇迹和刚强”又起步于什么事件?
(4)结合上述材料和所学知识,你觉得我国可以从这些大国的崛起中获得什么启示?

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

(1)率先开始并最早完成工业革命。
(2)美国南北战争维护了国家统一,废除了黑人奴隶制,为资本主义的迅速发展扫清了障碍。
(3)西方国家侵略日本,日本被迫签订不平等条约,日本面临沦为殖民地或半殖民地的威胁;明治维新。
(4)启示:要善于抓住机遇,注意加强国际间经济联系。(或要重视引进和发展高科技。或要重视教育,尊重知识,尊重人才,科教兴国。或要完善管理制度,制定适合本国国情的经济发展战略)

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    Save Your Time, Money and Stress with Savvy (懂行,悟性)Rental Car Strategies

    Renting a car can be expensive, confusing, and stressful — but it doesn't have to be. Here are several helpful strategies to save money, time, and stress on your next (and every) car rental.

Sign Up for Loyalty Programs

    Rental car loyalty programs are free to join, so register for any programs you might use in the future. My favorite car rental loyalty program benefit is that I can skip the counter and head right to my reserved car. Some programs allow members to choose a car from the available pool. ____

Optimize Your Strategy

    Do you really need a rental car from the airport? For instance, if your flight arrives at night, take a free hotel shuttle and pick up your car the next day. The car rental location might even be at your hotel or can pick you up (or deliver the car to you).____

____

    For a city trip, you may not even need a rental car. Research whether mass transit(运输), taxi, Uber, bike rental, and other transportation methods will suffice(足够). Parking charges at downtown hotels may cost more than your car rental rate, so it may be doubly in your favor to give up a rental car. In some locations, a bike might be more efficient and economical than a car.

 Search for Specials

    ____ In conjunction(结合)with your personal discount code, you may also find a last-minute rate, free rental day, or other promotion. My favorite annual travel deal is driving a car one-way out of Florida after Spring Break with rates as low as $1 per day.

Consider Alternative Rental Options

    Major car rental companies might have an associated discount brand at your rental location, like Firefly for Hertz.____ 

    An independent or smaller local agency may fit your needs; like A1 or Lucky Owl in Honolulu. Many people prefer to check rates on Hotwire and Priceline, especially for last-minute rentals.

A.Rental rates are likely lower away from the airport, plus you might save the cost of an entire rental day.

B.I use discount-finding websites to track my car reservations.

C.Smaller brands, like Thrifty and Fox, might offer better service and lower rates.

D.In addition to saving time and offering freedom of choice, loyalty members earn points and receive special promotions.

E.Check car rental company websites for current specials.

F.Skip the Car

G.Use a bike