双氧水（H₂O₂）是一种无色液体，在二氧化锰的催化作用下能迅速分解出氧气，实验室常用这种方法制取氧气．

①明确实验目的：在实验室里制取氧气

②收集有关资料：双氧水是一种无色____，二氧化锰是一种____；反应条件____；氧气的密度____于空气的密度且____水．双氧水与二氧化锰混合制取氧气的化学方程式为____．

③设计合理方案：发生装置选用____，收集装置选用____．

④进行科学实验．

阅读下文，回答问题

恐惧是一种可以控制的情绪

    ①什么是恐惧?恐惧就是对于外部发生的危险做出的一种心理反应。有时，这种反应更近乎一种本能，例如遭遇到火灾、泥石流等危机时本能地逃跑，或是被人迎面打来一拳时本能地架起手臂防御，等等。这些因恐惧而产生的行动是对我们自身的保护，可以帮助我们回避危险。不过，如果保护过了头，我们就会变成厚厚盔甲下的“套中人”——过度、非理性、持续地害怕某种物体、现象、活动或场合，并夸大可能的危险，那就会给我们的日常生活带来许多不必要的麻烦。

    ②人们一般把常见的恐惧症分成四种：动物恐惧症、场所恐惧症、密集恐惧症、社交恐惧症。患有动物恐惧症的人见到一些动物的影像、图片，或看到关于动物的逼真文字描述，都会感到恐惧并想要逃避，甚至伴有强烈的生理症状，如心悸、胸闷、出汗、透气困难等。场所恐惧症主要是对封闭空间的恐惧，并且会因为无法逃离而感到担心、害怕，如处于影剧院、地铁，尤其是电梯中，感到憋闷、呼吸困难、恐慌。密集恐惧症是对排列密集的较小物体害怕或觉得恶心，例如密密麻麻的虫卵、蜂巢、淋浴喷头的出水小孔，甚至草莓，等等。社交恐惧症大多存在于青少年，主要表现是对学校环境的恐惧，因升学、转学或者更换班级而焦虑等。

    ③恐惧自何而来?原因多种多样。可能源自于儿童时期的心理创伤，可能受到环境中长期暗示的影响，也可能仅仅由某个单纯事件所导致，甚至还有些恐惧要归结到生物进化上去。例如，在某些惧怕蛇的人群里，有些人一生中甚至都未见过真正的蛇，但他们不由自主地就会对蛇产生恐惧，这是为什么呢?其实，人类的这种恐惧心理是在长期的进化过程中形成的。早期的灵长类动物为了生存，在险象环生的丛林里面必须提高警惕，小心防范，一旦看到威胁生命的动物靠近(比如毒蛇、蝎子、毒蜘蛛等等)，就会恐惧逃窜。长期的记忆被储存下来，恐惧心理由此而生。

    ④如何克服恐惧心理呢?一般说来，对恐惧的东西了解越多，莫名的恐惧感就有可能越少。动物学家不怕和蛇、蜘蛛等动物接触，在高楼表演杂技或修筑高楼的建筑工人不会恐高，尽管他们日常工作时就要面对这些危险，但是，通过知识的学习，技能的训练，他们已经掌握了自我保护的方法，并了解到遭遇危险应如何自我救助，因此能够泰然处之。所以，若想要摆脱你对某一事物的恐惧，就从积累知识并充分了解那件事物本身开始吧!

    When I recently revealed to my friends, colleagues, and family members that I would be moving my family to Israel, the reactions were numerous and varied. Some people said it was an expected thing while others asked: Why now? What will you do?

    For me, making the move to Israel is the fulfillment of a dream that has lasted for my 47 years of life. I have always known that Israel is my home. Over the years Israel has been in my heart, but I have found a number of reasons to put off making it my permanent residence: kids, the economy, education… you name an excuse, and at some point I have probably used it.

    Truthfully, I believe that I was always just a little bit scared. And of course I still am, with the fear factor that is reported by the press surrounding the Israeli military and economy. However, it has come to the point when I have realized that for over 2000 years we have longed for this land, and that for 47 years I have denied the opportunity to make it my home. I am finally ready to fully grasp this opportunity.

    Over the years, I have always loved visiting Israel. I have traveled there with my family, and enjoyed introducing thousands of travelers to the country. I have come to love all of these things about Israel as a tourist because I get to love my home. And as far as waiting for the “perfect” condition under which to make aliyah, I believe the time is now!

    I have been asked many times if I am nervous about moving to Israel. Before I answer, I remember that we have overcome the Greeks, the Romans, the Russian killings, Hitler and the Holocaust(大屠杀)，and the armies of seven countries.

    How can I not feel confident that I , and my family, will overcome any difficulties that may come our way? I am not worrying, complaining, crying, or fearing as I prepare to make aliyah. I am proud and excited to say that I am fulfilling a 47-year-old dream: I am going home.