Scientists have always believed that snails are not able to find their way home. But Briton Ruth Brooks, a retired teacher, has found that it is not true.

    Brooks began an experiment on snails after she got mad with the snails in her garden.

    The snails had eaten her vegetables. She didn't want to kill them, so she took them to another place. But she found they always seemed to come back.

    Brooks did an experiment. She marked the snails in her garden with nail polish(指甲油).

    She placed the snails in the area around her home and made notes of their movements.

    She found that snails have a strong homing instinct (本能); the longest returning snail traveled back 90 meters. Brooks has been named Britain's best amateur (业余的) scientist after her work won the BBC Radio 4 project, So You Want To Be A Scientist.

    She said, "I've always wanted to know whether the snails that eat my plants just come back when I move them, and if they do, what is their homing distance?

    "I would say on the evidence (证据) that it would be safe to take your snails away beyond 100m or even further. If you put them somewhere nice with some food, you can be almost certain that they won't come back."

人类在探索自然规律的过程中，总结出了许多科学研究方法，如：“控制变量法”、“等效替代法”、“类比法”、“转换法”、“理想模型法”、“科学推理法”等。按所学物理知识完成下面各题：

材料一：阅读像搏斗。阅读的时候，读者与作者的争辩就像搏斗。我们极想寻出破绽，作者则千方百计把读者柔软的思绪纳入他的模具。在这种智力的角斗中，我们往往败下阵来，但思维的力度却在争执中强硬了翅膀。

材料二：阅读像睡眠。睡眠中蕴藏着奇妙的物质，起床的时候我们比躺下时信心倍增。阅读也有睡眠的效果，是一种精神的按摩，在书页中你能看得见悲剧的泪痕，摸得着喜剧的笑靥，看得清智者额头的皱纹，触得到勇士鲜血淋漓的创口……当合上书的时候，你一下子苍老又顿时年轻。薄薄的纸页和人所共知的文字只是由于排列的不同，就使人的灵魂和它发生共振，为精神增添了新的钙质。