题干

小明家新买了一个100瓦的电热毯,他想用伏安法测量电热毯的电阻值,于是连接了如图所示的实验电路,其中电源电压为6伏,Rx为电热毯的电阻值,滑动变阻器的最大阻值为20欧但在实验过程中小明发现,不论怎样调节滑动变阻器的滑片P的位置,电压表的示数几乎不发生变化,检查电路的连接均无误请你分析一下产生这一现象的原因是什么?若不更换实验器材,电路应怎样连接,才能在滑片P滑动过程中,有效地改变电热毯两端的电压值?

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

由实验电路图可知,当滑片P在最右端时,电路中电流最小:

I最小=

U
R
+
R
X

电热毯两端的最小电压为U

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阅读理解

     "You see someone just sitting there, looking like they're stupid," explains teenager Manny Logan excitedly. "You just run up to them, slap(掌击) them and run off. It's funny."

    The 16-year-old Logan was describing "happy slapping". It's supposed to be fun but it's a new problem in Britain. Young people will attack passers-by while their friends record the whole thing on camera phones. It was first reported in south London six months ago. But, the practice has spread to other parts of the country and videos of attacks have become popular on the Internet.

    The young people are called "hoodies" because they usually wear a sweatshirt with a hooded top. The top can be used to cover the head or face.

    One study in England published earlier this year suggested that as many as one in four teenagers is an active offender. That includes both serious crimes and small acts like not paying for a bus ticket.

    The fear of youth crime has left some parts of towns empty of ordinary people.

    So, the British government declared war on public disorder last week. The Prime Minister has supported a decision by the country's biggest shopping centre in southeast of England to ban teenagers wearing hooded tops. The clothing helps troublemakers hide from the centre's cameras.

    This week, the government is going further. It plans to force teenage offenders to wear orange jackets while they do public service. The idea is to shame them in front of others.

    But some teenagers and experts have complained that, in their rush to stop the hoodies, politicians risk tarring all teenagers with the same brush.