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    Having experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco's world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.

    One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by lightning. Witnesses (目击者) thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road. When Mrs. Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.

    The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from lightning. However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.

开普勒1609年一1619年发表了著名的开普勒行星运行三定律，其中第三定律的内容是：所有行星的椭圆轨道的半长轴的三次方跟公转周期的平方的比值都相等．万有引力定律是科学史上最伟大的定律之一，它于1687年发表在牛顿的《自然哲学的数学原理》中．

阅读下面的文章，完成1-3题。

植物的“五官”

①植物像其他动物一样，有功能各异的“五官”。加拿大渥太华大学生物学博士瓦因勃格做了一个有趣的实验，他每天对莴苣做10分钟超声波处理，结果其长势远比没受处理的莴苣要好。之后，美国的一个学者对大豆播放《蓝色狂想曲》音乐，20天后，听音乐的大豆苗重量竟然高出未听音乐的四分之一。这些实验说明，植物虽然没有具体形态的耳朵，但它们的听觉能力却非同寻常。不相信？那么请你面对含羞草轻轻击掌，看看含羞草闻声后是否会迅速将小叶合拢。

②许多植物具有“慧眼”识光的能力，它们自知日出东山，夕阳西下，从而把握了自己开花和落叶的时间，如牵牛花天刚亮就开花，向日葵始终朝阳。植物不仅能“看见”光，还能感觉出光照的“数量”和质量，某些北方良种引种到南方，颗粒不收，就是因为植物的“眼睛”对异地的光线不习惯。植物的“眼睛”对光色也非常敏感，不同植物可识别不同光线，以促进自身的生长与发育。植物的“眼睛”原来是存在于细胞中的一种专门色素——视觉色素，植物凭借这种“眼睛”，从根到叶尖形成完整而灵敏的感光系统，对光产生既定反应，如花开、花合、叶子向左向右、变换根的生长方向等。

③植物界中不仅有靠根吃“素”的植物，而且还有靠“口”吃“荤”的植物，食虫植物（也称食肉植物）便是这类植物。这些植物的叶子变得非常奇特，它们形成各种形状的“口”，有的像瓶子，有的像小口袋或蚌壳，能分泌消化昆虫的黏液，还能分泌香味，许多昆虫因为闻到香味，而跌入了陷阱之中！植物靠“口”捕食蚊蝇类的小虫子，有时也能“吃”掉像蜻蜒一样的大昆虫。它们分布于世界各地，种类有500多种，最著名的有瓶子草、猪笼草、狸藻等。

④真是奇怪，植物还有嗅觉灵敏的特殊“鼻子”。例如，当柳树受到毛虫咬食时，会产生抵抗物质，3米以外没有挨咬的柳树居然也产生出抵抗物质。这是为什么？原来，植物有特殊的“鼻子”——感觉神经，当被咬的树产生挥发性抗虫化学物质后，邻树的“鼻子”能及时“嗅”到“防虫警报”，知道害虫的侵袭将要来临，于是就调整自身体内的化学反应，合成一些对自己无害，却使害虫望而生畏的化学物质，达到“自卫”的目的。

⑤更为惊奇的是，植物还具有相当特殊的“舌”的功能，它能“尝”到土壤中各种矿物营养的味道，于是使植物“拒食”或“少食”自身不喜欢的矿物质，多“吃”有用的营养元素。如海带就有富集海水中碘元素的能力，忍冬丛喜欢生长在地下有银矿的地万。植物的“舌”功能选择性非常强，如果吃了自己不喜欢吃的矿物就会长成奇形怪状。例如蒿在一般土壤中长得相当高大，但如果“吃”了土壤中的硼就会变成“矮老头”。植物将土壤中的矿物元素或微量物质聚集到体内的现象称为“生物富集”。人们通过生物富集现象可以找到相应的地下矿藏，也就是植物探矿。如今，植物探矿已成为寻找地下矿藏的重要手段之一。

⑥目前，生物科学的研究工作常常得到植物“五官”功能的启发，相信在不久的将来，一定会有累累硕果。