阅读选文，完成1—5题。

①古往今来的中国文学是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，肩负着构建民族精神的使命。它不仅对个人品行养成发挥了不可或缺的重要作用，更对我们民族意志的锻造，起到价值观的奠基与导引作用。

②文学对民族精神的构建，要从个人品行的养成和提高入手。我国第一部诗歌总集《诗经》，既是“饥者歌其食，劳者歌其事”，更有“智者歌其恩”寓于其间。所思的重要内容之一，就是运用文学的手段，塑造当时社会朴实的理想人格。如《诗经》涉及玉的篇目多达三十余首，以玉之高洁，比附人品之典范。人品之如玉，不惟高贵，更体现为不容玷污，拒绝同流舍污。周敦颐的《爱莲说》更是将这种文学手段进一步升华：真正高尚之人格，恰似莲花，出淤泥而不染。这种人格，经得起各种挫折和磨难，在任何威逼利诱前都不变节，永葆本色。翻看上下几千年的文学作品，赞美梅、兰、竹、菊四君子等的篇章随处可见。这种文学实践及其对民族精神的构建，既是上古到当代的中国文学中的艺术要素，更是融入文学活动全过程的经纬线。

③中华文明史上的典范人物，其品行无不与文学构建的要旨相葜相合。像“斯是陋室，惟吾德馨”的刘禹锡、“粉身碎骨浑不怕，要留清白在人间”的于谦，他们千百年来之所以为后人景仰，就在于人格的高尚与坚定：无论何时何地，无论面对怎样的威胁和诱惑，他们心中的信念决不动摇，自身节操稳如磐石。

④文学对民族精神的构建，更体现在对民族意志的锻造上。民族意志是众多个体精神品格的凝聚。历史上，中华民族面临强敌入侵时，总能升华坚韧的民族意志可歌可汪的人物与事迹不计其数，相伴而生的诗篇，惊天地动鬼神。岳飞的《满江红》所代表的民族意志就是面对强敌，毫不畏惧，精忠报国。文天祥的《正气歌》千古传唱，它所代表的民族意志则是身陷囹固，决不屈服，视死如归。历史发展到今天，我们的视野与思维，足以在高度肯定历史人物的同时，对其当代意义予以重新阐释。金庸的武侠小说正是在继承传统文化的基础上，将评价历史人物与事件的角度，转为对天下苍生是否真正脱离苦难、是否得到休养生息、是否能够安居乐业的关注和思考。这些文学作品都是在铸造民族精神，通过感召广大民众，化育普通百姓，为熔铸民族意志，打下广泛而坚实的基础。

⑤中华民族的精神构建，已绵延数千年。文学在新世纪履行构建使命时，厘为我们的民族精神注入新内涵．既要弘扬传统文学之精华，又要符合我们国家在当今世界格局中的身份地位。我们要让文学顺应潮流，大展身手，勇挑民族精神构建使命的重担。

（选自《人民日报》，有删改）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

    The town of Pressure and the town of Pleasure were neighbors but they had nothing in common. Residents(居民) built walls to 1 influence from the other town.

    In Pressure, everyone wanted to be the very best. When women gave birth, they would compete（竞争、比赛） to have the baby with the loudest cry. There was violent competition in every aspect（方面） of life. Because 2 was the symbol（象征） of success. People were always busy making money, with no time for relaxation. Some young people couldn't bear the intensity(紧张) and chose to drink to escape（逃避）.

    In Pleasure, the motto（格言） was: If only you like it, do it. People grew up without pressure and could do anything they liked. Children played computer games day and night. At school, teachers didn't care 3 students came or not. Workers might sit around the office all day long drinking coffee and doing 4 .Thanks to the lack（缺乏） of regulations（规章制度）, nobody worried about losing their jobs. It was pleasure that mattered. The computers they used were old ones from the town of Pressure.

    Some of the young were addicted（上瘾） to drugs（药物）5 the emptiness（空虚） of their lives. Then, people in the two towns began asking themselves, “What is life 6 ?” But, just before life in the two towns completely7, there came a great person—Mr Reason. He went from door to door, talking with people and 8 advice. People in Pressure learnt to be satisfied with what they had 9 people in Pleasure began to make plans. They 10 the walls between them and built a road to connect the two.

如图，点O为Rt△ABC斜边AB上一点，以OA为半径的⊙O与BC切于点D，与AC交于点E，连接AD．

细胞核中的DNA不能直接到细胞质中指导蛋白质的合成，在DNA和蛋白质之间充当信使的物质是(　　)