阅读下文，回答问题。
      【甲】   送东阳马生序（节选）余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道。又患无硕师名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右，援疑质理，俯身倾耳以请；或遇其叱咄，色愈恭，礼愈至，不敢出一言以复；俟其欣悦，则又请焉。故余虽愚，卒获有所闻。
当余之从师也，负箧曳屣，行深山巨谷中，穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不知。至舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。寓逆旅，主人日再食，无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然若神人；余则蕴袍敞衣处其间，略无慕艳意，以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余之勤且艰若此。
      【乙】宋濂尝与客饮，帝（明太祖朱元璋）密使人侦视。翌日，问濂昨饮酒否，坐客为谁，馔何物。濂具以实对。笑曰：“诚然，卿不朕欺。”间召问群臣臧否，濂惟举其善者。帝问其故，对曰：“善者与臣友，臣知之；其不善者，不能知也。”

    Have you been asked for money by some disabled beggars (乞丐) while you're enjoying shopping? Do you have any pity on them who are so poor and lonely or do you just feel afraid of their terrible shapes? As one of the most special groups, disabled people's living conditions — not only their material (物质的) conditions, but their mental (精神的) world — really need improvement.

    The treatment for disabled people should go like this: First, don't look down upon them. Don't be afraid of looking at the terrible shapes of the disabled. Try to treat them equally. Because they are a part of the society (社会),we cant discard (抛弃) them. The second is to help them as much as we could. If you can be a volunteer and do some work for the disabled people, that would be very nice. That does help not only to the disabled people but also to yourself because you will feel good after your kind action.

    If every one of us gives a little love, the world will become a beautiful wonderland!

归类、分类、比较、推理是学习化学常用的方法．现有A﹣F六种物质，均是由H、C、N、O、Cl、Na、Ca中的两种或三种元素组成．请回答下列问题：

（1）上述七中元素中属于金属元素的是____ （填元素名称）．

（2）A属于氧化物，是导致酸雨的气体污染物之一，组成A的两种元素的质量比为7：8，则A的化学式为____ ．

（3）B、C常温下均为液体，且组成元素相同，B在一定条件下可生成C，写出该反应的化学反应方程式____ ．

（4）D用于玻璃、造纸和洗涤剂的生成，E、F均由两种元素组成，取D溶液进行实验，操作和现象如图：

写出D与E反应的化学方程式____ ，F的化学式为____ ．