一根有刻度的细玻璃管两端开口，通过橡皮塞插入装有红色溶液的玻璃瓶，制成一个简易气压计，如图所示，细玻璃管内的液柱是由于瓶内的气压____ （选填“大于”“小于”或“等于”）瓶外的大气压而形成的．把气压计从山下拿到山上，细玻璃管内的液柱高度会____ ．

B

Climbing Mount Everest, the world’s highest mountain, has now become more difficult. The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage. That’s the average amount of garbage a climber leaves behind on Mount Everest.

Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light, so they would have energy to reach the summit. The garbage problem in Mount Everest is not new. In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.

The new rule came into effect in April of 2014. To make sure it is followed, climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain. When they climb back down the mountain, the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds of garbage. If they do, their money will be given back to them. If not, climbers won’t get their money back. Also, the officials won’t let these people climb the mountain again.

合成氨对化学工业和国防工业具有重要意义．

（1）向合成塔中按1：4的物质的量之比充入N₂、H₂进行氨的合成，图A为T℃时平衡混合物中氨气的体积分数与压强（P）的关系图．

①写出工业上合成氨的化学方程式____ 

②图A中氨气的体积分数为15.00%时，H₂的转化率=____ 

③图B中T=500℃，温度为450℃对应的曲线是____ （选填字母“a“或“b”），选择的理由是____

④由图象知，增大压强可提高原料的利用率，从生产实际考虑增大压强需解决的问题是____ （写出一条即可）．

（2）合成氨所需的氢气可由甲烷与水反应制得，反应的热化学方程式为：

CH₄（g）+H₂OCO（g）+3H₂（g）；△H=+QkJ/mol（Q＞0）

（3）一定温度下，在2L容器中发生上述反应，各物质的物质的量变化如下表

①分析表中数据，判断5〜7min之间反应是否处于平衡状态____ （填“是”或“否”），

前5min平均反应速率v（CH₄）=____ 

②反应在7～10min之间，CO的物质的量减少的原因可能是____ （填字母）．

a·减少CH₄      b·降低温度c·增大压强d·充入H₂

③若保持温度不变，向1L容器中起始充入0.15mol CH₄.0.45mol H₂O．____ mol CO、____ mol H₂，达到平衡时CH₄的体积百分含量与第一次投料相同．

“每一次都在徘徊孤单中坚强，每一次就算很受伤也不闪泪光，我知道我一直有双隐形的翅膀，带我飞，飞过绝望……”《隐形的翅膀》这首歌很多人喜欢，这里，“隐形的翅膀”主要是指（  ）