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    Charles was always hardworking in school. He had decided that his first object was to get his lessons well, and then he could play with a good conscience. He loved playing as well as anybody, and was one of the best players on the ground. I hardly ever saw anybody catch a ball better than he could. When playing any game, everyone was glad to get Charles on his side.
    Charles would sometimes stay in at break. This, however, was very seldom; it was only when the lessons were very hard indeed. Generally, he was among the first on the playground, and he was also among the first to go into school when called. The teacher could not help liking him, for he always had his lessons well committed, and never gave him any trouble.
    When he went to college, the teacher gave him a good recommendation. He was so thoroughly prepared for college that he found it very easy to keep up with his class, and had much time for reading interesting books.
    At last he graduated and received his degree. His father and mother, brothers and sisters, came to his graduation ceremony. They all felt excited and loved Charles more than ever. Many situations of profit were opened to him; for Charles was now an intelligent man, and universally respected.
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【甲】出师表(节选)
先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈 于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听,以光先帝遗德, 恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。 宫中府中,俱为一体,陟罚臧否,不宜异同。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者,宜付有司论其刑赏, 以昭陛下平明之理,不宜偏私,使内外异法也。 侍中侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等,此皆良实,志虑忠纯,是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫 中之事,事无大小,悉以咨之,然后施行,必能裨补阙漏,有所广益。 将军向宠,性行淑均,晓畅军事,试用于昔日,先帝称之曰能,是以众议举宠为督。愚以为 营中之事,悉以咨之,必能使行阵和睦,优劣得所。 5 亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时,每 与臣论此事,未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军,此悉贞良死节之臣,愿陛 下亲之信之,则汉室之隆,可计日而待也。
【乙】周公吐哺,武王崩,成王少,在襁褓之中。周公恐天下闻武王崩而畔,周公乃践祚①摄政当国。管叔及其群弟流言于国曰: “周公将不利于成王。 ”周公乃告太公、召公曰: “我之所以弗辟而摄行政者恐天下畔周无以告我先王。武王蚤②终,成王少,将以成周③,我所以为之若此。”于是卒相成王,而使其子伯禽代就封于鲁。周公戒伯禽曰:“我,文王之子,武王之弟,成王之叔父,我于天下亦不贱矣。然我一沐三捉发,一饭三吐哺,起以待士。犹恐失天下之贤人。子之鲁,慎无以 国骄人。”成王长,能听政。成王临朝,周公还政成王,北面就臣位,恭慎如畏然。                (选自《鲁周公世家》 )
注释:①践祚:登上帝位。②蚤:同“早”。③将以成周:完成周朝稳定大业。