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    By now, we are all aware that social media has had a powerful influence on our culture, in business, on the world at large. Social media websites revolutionized the way people communicate and socialize on the Web. However, besides seeing your friends' new baby on Facebook, or reading about Justin Bieber's latest conflict with the law on Twitter, what are some of the real influences?

    Social networks offer the opportunity for people to reconnect with their old friends and acquaintances, make new friends, share ideas and pictures, and many other activities. Users can keep pace with the latest global and local developments, and take part in campaigns and activities of their choice. Professionals use social media sites like Linkedln to improve their career and business development. Students can work together with their peers to improve their academic and communication skills.

    Unfortunately, there are a few downsides too to social networking. If you are not careful, immoral people can target you for cyber bullying(网络欺凌) and disturbance on social sites. School children, young girls, and women can fall victim to online attacks which can create tension and suffering. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, do not take it lying down, but try to take appropriate legal action against the attacker.

    Many companies have blocked social networks as addicted employees can distract (分心)themselves on such sites, instead of focusing on work. In fact, studies show that British companies have lost billions of dollars per year in productivity because of social media addiction among employees.

    Also, what you carelessly post on the Net can come back to trouble you. Leaking personal information on social sites can make users easily harmed to crimes like identity theft, stalking(尾随犯罪), etc. Many companies perform a background check on the Web before hiring an employee.  If a potential employee has posted something embarrassing on social media, it can greatly affect their chances of getting the job. The same holds true for our relationships too, as our loved ones and friends may get to know if we post something undesirable on social networks.

    Social media has its advantages and drawbacks as each coin has two sides. It is up to each user to use social sites wisely to improve their professional and social life, and exercise caution to ensure they do not fall victim to online dangers.

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让文化抖落浮躁的尘埃

郭震海

    ①在一个宁静的黄昏,辞掉一切繁杂,找一个僻静之处,放松身心,读一篇好文,犹如品茗,酽香四溢,荡气回肠。读完良久,心醉神往,掩卷静思,不得不承认,这一个个独立的文字,经过作家的召唤,排列成文,可以直抵心灵,喊醒灵魂。

    ②精神的贫血比饥饿更可怕,一个人一个时代莫不如此。一篇好的作品,就是一座丰碑,可以千年不朽,万年犹新。作为人类的“精神食粮”,文学一路记载着人类的生活轨迹,如一面镜子,映照着人类的灵魂,又如一把除尘的刷子,净化着人类的心灵。然而,好作品不易得,能捧得一篇佳作是读者之幸,更是作者的至上荣耀。

    ③今天的文化场域,正迎来一个百花齐放的春天,也弥漫着功利浮躁之气。有的人或沉浸于描写一己悲欢、杯水风波,或以剪贴拼凑模仿为写作生存方式。一些图书出版,拼的不是内容质量,而是“策划”和“包装”,只求在轰轰烈烈的氛围中赚足眼球和银两,图书的实际影响无人问津。一些本该严肃认真的作品研讨会,也沾染上求名博利的风气,互相吹捧和宣传,忘记了研讨会的初衷和意义。

    ④“只有文化,才能让浮躁的社会和城市宁静下来。”文化浮躁了,灵魂的困乏和焦虑谁来救赎?急功近利不仅是对文化的伤害,更是对社会精神气质的污染。如果说文化是治愈浮躁的良药,那么文学作为文化原野上的高峰,不仅不能浮躁,还应担当起文以载道、以文化人的责任。一位文艺界人士说:“浮躁,本身就是一道障碍,只有克服,才能更好地向前。”无论如何,一个作家不能忘了握笔书写的初衷,不能推脱肩上应有的道义担当。

    ⑤“文章千古事,得失寸心知。”精益求精是优秀作家最基本的品质。曹雪芹写《红楼梦》,“披阅十载、增删五次”,所以才能“字字看来皆是血,十年辛苦不寻常”。柳青、赵树理等作家为了写一部好的作品,双脚时常沾满泥土,四季深入农村。文学说到底就是参与,参与到人民的实践中去,走到人民的生活中去,好作品的种子才能萌发出来。巴尔扎克说:“生活是最过硬的。”与生活隔离,还能写什么?

    ⑥拂去功利主义,抖落浮躁尘埃,创作确实是一项淡泊名利、远离喧嚣的心灵表达。欲作文先做人,做人必先修心,因为文由心定、文起于心。古人讲“心生而言立,言立而文明”“文如其人”“言由以生”,说的就是这个道理。心之宽度决定文之高度,思想和境界决定文风和文路。俯察古今中外,但凡名垂青史的文学大师,无不心怀万物、悲悯苍生。

    ⑦文字工作者,无疑是一项神圣光荣的职业。写作不仅仅是记录和表达。一篇好文扰如灌顶酸酬,足以让无力者有力、让蛮横者明理、让迷失者转向,也可以抚慰受伤的身心、洗涤蒙尘的心灵、唤醒沉睡的灵魂。写作是一件苦劳之事。一个真正的好作家,追求不一定多但一定很高,笔耕一生,若能孕沙成珠,留得一篇千古不朽的好文,可谓生之万幸,一生无憾。

(选自《人民日报》2015年12月24日04版,有改动)