宋代理学是传统儒学的新发展。阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一  城市与生活          材料二  生活与观念

分析说明上述材料所反映的历史现象与宋代理学兴起和发展之间的联系。

根据图中信息，回答下列问题：

阅读理解

    Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates. But what's taking us so long?

    As early as 1997, MIT (麻省理工) decided to post videos of all university lectures online, for free, for all people. But today, how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many.

    The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people, but it's not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, those who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.

    The real question is why we aren't spending more to develop better online education platforms. Where is the Avatar of education? Think about this. The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies. Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars.

    Bill Gates' prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world.

阅读《几生修得到梅花》，回答小题。

几生修得到梅花

李榕桦

       ①在万紫千红的花的世界，梅花是最特立独行的一种。

       ②江南的冬天还未过去，寒风肆虐，雪花纷飞，万木都在沉睡之中，而梅花却在这时，绽开一树树的花朵，向人们报告着春之将至的讯息。她不管桃儿、杏儿们嫉妒的流言，也不贪图蜂儿、蝶儿们嗡嗡的追捧，孤傲豪迈地开在漫天飞雪中，不畏严寒，独步早春。

       ③怒号的狂风不是不想吹灭她的火焰，漫天的大雪不是不想掩息她的娇媚，而她却在凌霜斗雪中更加灼灼有神。那纷纷扬扬从天而降的雪花，似乎成了他玉洁冰清的知音，心魂相印的伴侣。

       ④在无锡梅园观赏过梅花，走进梅花，你会感到诗意像湖水一样漫上心头。润如凝脂的红梅，洁如瑞雪的白眉，碧光盈盈的绿梅，明艳灿灿的黄梅，构成了一个缤纷多彩的梅的世界。小小的花朵似乎不受半点尘埃的浸染，宛若悄然飘落凡尘的仙子，真正是冰肌玉骨。你若拿俗常的桃花、杏花和她们对照，越发显得梅花的脱俗。置身花下，你会被随之而来的清幽的芳馨环绕，使你立刻想到“暗香浮动”。梅花的香气不像梨花、水仙花那样肥硕袭人，她若有若无，清逸幽雅，它是那么婉约和内敛。观赏梅的枝干，姿态极美，有的疏影横斜，有的奇崛突兀，有的苍劲朴拙，有的狂放洒脱。怪不得古人说“梅以形势为第一”。

       ⑤最喜欢看那棵古梅，虬曲盘错，势如游龙。铁骨嶙峋、古朴苍劲的枝头，绽放着朵朵温润率真的红梅，那种强烈的对比给你以心灵的撞击，无法用语言描述。仿佛眼前的梅花是从悠远的历史深处走来，她曾与宋代林和靖①相伴相守，在西湖孤山朦胧的月色下，“疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏”；她曾和画家王冕相交，是王冕笔下“不要人夸颜色好，只留清气满乾坤”的那幅墨梅的范本，在王冕精心经营的梅园里度过许多春夏秋冬。她是陆游一生痴迷的梅花，她是王维、苏轼、杨万里、范大成他们曾经反复歌咏的梅花，她是被鲁迅识为“只有梅花是知己”的那一树，她是历代有道的君子仰慕钦敬，视为修养的典范，感叹“几生修得到梅花”那一树。

       ⑥特立独行的梅花从历史深处走来，那冰肌玉骨的韵致，高标清雅的圣洁，横斜疏美的仙姿，傲岸坚贞的风骨，凌霜斗雪的意志，独步早春的气魄，铸成了华夏民族的心魂，成为了中华民族代代相袭的品格和精神。站在梅花前，无法用语言表达自己的心境，还是陆游说的好啊，“何方化身千亿？一树梅花一放翁”。

（选自《青海湖》2014年第2期，原文有删改）

      【注释】①林和靖：林逋（968﹣1028）。字君复，谥号和靖先生。

计算器上的数字键有（ ）个。