在自强不息的中国人中，不论是古代的屈原、戚继光，还是近代的詹天佑、林则徐，他们这些自强者的共同特点是

执行如图所示的程序框图（算法流程图），输出的结果是（   ）

如图所示，轻绳一端系一小球，另一端固定于O点，在O点正下方的P点钉一颗钉子，使悬线拉紧与竖直方向成一角度θ，然后由静止释放小球，当悬线碰到钉子时（   ）

①小球的瞬时速度突然变大

②小球的加速度突然变大

③小球做圆周运动所需的向心力突然变大

④悬线所受的拉力突然变大．

       One day Daddy and I went out    1    a walk. On the way we   2   a lot of people. We went up and   3  a look. Oh, dear!   4  did we see? There   5  a donkey(驴) in the middle of the road. It would not move. The cars and buses could not get 6  .
Then a policeman came. " 7  donkey is this?" he asked. "It' s   8   ," said a farmer, "but I   9  move it. " The policeman and the farmer did 10 best to move the donkey, but it would not move. We laughed, but the  11   of the cars and the buses were   12   . "We can't move the donkey," the farmer and the policeman said. "What shall we do?"
"Give him a carrot," my father said.
"   13 a good idea!" said the farmer.
Soon he found a   14 and showed it to the donkey. When the donkey saw a carrot, it jumped up and walked after the farmer.  15   the cars and buses could get past at last.

阅读材料，回答问题．

材料一　如图为太阳系局部示意图．

材料二　2013年8月16日，记者由三亚市有关部门获悉，近日，编号为5537号的小行星荣获国际小行星中心和国际小行星命名委员会批准，正式命名为“三亚星”．