There is always a shadow of shopping in life. You like this, look at that, and then buy a lot of things and go home. Then you calm down and find out that the shopping doesn't make any sense but waste money. How do you avoid the wrong shopping? I'll give you a few tips today!

⑴Buy good quality — and use it

    It's common for people to almost never use the things they love the most. Why? Often, it's because they want to protect the item. They like it so much and don't want it to be ruined. Instead of using their favourites, they buy much cheaper things for "everyday" use. The smarter way is to put your money on something with good quality and good style that you love very much and enjoy it the most. It stops you from wasting money on unnecessary things.

⑵Play the waiting game

    Before you decide to pay for something you like very much at first sight, wait for at least 20 minutes. Then, after clearing your head, think about how and when you'll actually use the product. Instead of simply choosing to have it or not have it, think for a moment and ask yourself whether there is something else even more important you should buy. It reminds you to save money.

⑶Buy only what you need, right now

    Besides, what makes shopping so alluring (欲罢不能的) is your idea that comes with imagining how a product can be used, such as "I will look like a princess in the evening dress at the ball one day." Before paying for a product, ask yourself if you will use it in the very near future. If the answer is no or not likely, pass.

⑷Buy for the right reason

    Research shows that we may think we're hungry when we are actually thirsty, and think we are tired when we are bored in reality. In other words, we know when we need something to satisfy ourselves, but we're not good at realizing what we truly need. It is smart to always ask yourself why you need the product before you pay for it.

（2014·台州）“辽宁舰”服役，圆了中国航母梦。如图为航母上简化的蒸汽弹射装置，能带动舰载机在两秒钟内达到起飞速度。

有学者认为，中国传统政治观念与政治理论，偏重在政府的职分与责任，要求政府能尽职胜任，选贤与能。阅读下列材料：

材料一

到战国之世，世变益亟，……古代的贵族，其地位，是与君主相逼的，起于孤寒之士则不然，君主要整顿政治，扩充自己的权力，都不得不用游士。……于是君主与游士结合，以打击贵族，贵族中较为有用的，亦不可不引用游士。选举之局益盛，世袭之制愈微。

——吕思勉《吕著中国通史》

材料二

汉高祖初得天下，即下令招贤。直到汉武帝，这一趋势达到正式的法制化……这样由教育与行政服务之实地观察，与选举与考试四项手续，而始获正式进入政府。

——钱穆《中国传统政治》

材料三

魏、晋时代，……乃因当时地方骚乱，交通阻梗，中央政府行使职权能力有限，全国选举难于推行，乃由中央指定各地域服务中央政府官吏中之性行中正者，采访同乡舆论，开列各地区人才，造成表册，送政府作为录用之根据。

——钱穆《中国传统政治》

材料四

（隋）明确规定九品以上地方官一律由尚书省所属吏部任免，每年由吏部进行考核。……与此同时，选举权也集中到中央。……代之以科举制。科举制的特点是通过考试选拔人才，首先设立秀才、明经等科……一律按才学标准录取，……隋炀帝时增设进士科，放宽录取标准。

——樊树志《国史概要》

材料五

孙中山曾经说过：“现在各国的考试制度，差不多都是学英国的。穷流溯源，英国的考试制度原来还是从我们中国学过去的。所以中国的考试制度就是世界上最古最好的选拔真才的制度。”

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阅读下列材料：《春天的故事》的部分歌词：“1979年，那是一个春天，有一位老人在中国的南海边画了一个圈，神话般地崛起座座称，奇迹般地聚起座座金山。1992年，又是一个春天，有一位老人在中国的南海边写下诗篇，天地间荡起滚滚春潮，征途上扬起浩浩风帆。”

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