Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.

    For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.

    Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish's blood and measured its freezing point.

The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to

    -2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.

    The scientists' next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish's blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.

    Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules（分子）held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.

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    虞舜者，名日重华。舜父瞽叟盲，而舜母死，瞽叟更娶妻而生象，象傲。瞽叟爱后妻子，常欲杀舜，舜避逃；及有小过，则受罪。舜事父及后母与弟，日以笃谨，匪有解。

    舜，冀州之人也。舜耕历山，渔雷泽，陶河滨，作什器於寿丘，就时於负夏。舜父瞽叟顽，母嚣，弟象傲，皆欲杀舜。舜顺通不失子道．兄弟孝慈。欲杀，不可得；即求，尝在侧。

    舜年二十以孝闻。三十而帝尧问可用者，四岳成荐虞舜，日可。於是尧乃以二女妻舜以观其内，使九男与处以观其外。舜居妫油①，内行弥谨。尧二女不敢以贵骄事舜亲戚，甚有妇道。尧九男皆益笃。舜耕历山，历山之人皆让畔；渔雷泽，雷泽上人皆让居；陶河滨，河滨器皆不苦窳②。一年而所居成聚，二年成邑，三年成都。尧乃赐舜烯衣，与琴，为筑仓廪，予牛羊。瞽叟尚复欲杀之，使舜上涂廪，瞽叟从下纵火焚廪。舜乃以两笠自扦而下去得不死后瞽叟又使舜穿井舜穿井为匿空旁出舜既入深瞽叟与象共下土实井舜从匿空出去瞽叟、象喜，以舜为已死。象日“本谋者象。”象与其父母分，於是日：“舜妻尧二女，与琴，象取之。牛羊仓廪予父母。”象乃止舜宫居，鼓其琴。舜往见之。象鄂不怿，日：“我思舜正郁陶！”舜日：“然，尔其庶矣！”舜复事瞽叟爱弟弥谨。於是尧乃试舜五典百官，皆治。

    舜入于大麓，烈风雷雨不迷，尧乃知舜之足授天下。尧老，使舜摄行天子政，巡狩。舜得举用事二十年，而尧使摄政。摄政八年而尧崩。三年丧毕，让丹朱，天下归舜。舜谓四岳日：“有能奋庸美尧之事者，使居官相事？”皆日：“伯禹为司空，可美帝功。”舜日：“嗟，然！禹，汝平水土，维是勉哉。”舜日：  “契，百姓不亲，五品不驯，汝为司徒，而敬敷五教，在宽。”舜日：“皋陶，蛮夷猾夏，寇贼奸轨，汝作士，五刑有服，五服三就；五流有度，五度三居：维明能信。”舜日：“嗟！四岳，有能典朕三礼？”皆日伯夷可。舜日：“嗟！伯夷，以汝为秩宗，夙夜维敬，直哉维静絮。”伯夷让夔、龙。舜日：“然。以夔为典乐，教裤子③，直而温，宽而栗，刚而毋虐，简而毋傲；诗言意，歌长言，声依永，律和声，八音能谐，毋相夺伦，神人以和。”一节选《史记·五帝本纪》

【注】①妫讷( )：水名，在山西省永济市南历山（今首阳山）。②苦窳( )：粗

糙质劣。③樨( )子：贵族子弟。

在载玻片上画一个“↗”符号，用低倍镜观察时，在视野内所见的图象是（  ）