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Dear Diary,

    What a day! I started at my new school this homing and had a great time.I made lots of new fiends and really liked my teachers.I was so nervous last night.but I had no reason to be.Everyone was so friendly.They made me feel at home!

    The day started very early at 7:00 a.m.I had breakfast with my mom.She could tell(看出)that I was very anxious.Mom kept asking me what was wrong.I thought she knew that l was nervous about starting at a new school.She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone would be friendly and love me.

    My mom dropped me off(让我下车)at the school gate at about 7:50 a.m.A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving(挥手)at me.She ran over and told me her name was Abigail.It turned out that we were in the same class.Abigail was very nice and we became close fight away.We spent all morning together and began to talk with another girl called Stacey.The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! Time went by so quickly.Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.

    It is late now so I am going to sleep,but I cannot wait until tomorrow! I believe I'm going to enjoy my time at my new school! I hope that my new friends feel the same too.

    Casey

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小羊多利

    在自然界,有不少植物具有先天的克隆本能,如番薯、马铃薯、玫瑰等插枝繁殖的植物。而动物的克隆技术,则经历了由胚胎细胞到体细胞的发展过程。

    早在本世纪50年代,美国的科学家以两栖动物和鱼类作研究对象,首创了细胞核移植技术。1986年英国科学家魏拉德森首次把胚胎细胞利用细胞核移植法克隆出一只羊,以后又有人相继克隆出牛、羊、鼠、兔、猴等动物。我国的克隆技术也颇有成就,从80年代末,我国先后克隆出兔、羊、牛等。

    1997年2月,英国罗斯林研究所宣布克隆成功的小羊多利,是用乳腺上皮细胞作为供体细胞进行细胞核移植的,它翻开了生物克隆史上崭新的一页,突破了利用胚胎细胞进行核移植的传统方式,使克隆技术有了长足的进展。克隆多利的成功,从理论上说明了高度分化细胞,经过一定手段处理之后,也可回复到受精卵时期的合子功能;说明了在发育过程中,细胞质对异源的细胞核的发育有调控作用。它对生物遗传疾病的治疗、优良品种的培育和扩群等提供了重要途径,对物种的优化、濒危动物的种质保存,对转基因动物的扩群均有一定作用。

    小羊多利克隆成,在世界各国引起强烈的反响,有的看作福音,有的则视为祸水。笔者以为对新技术应采取支持态度。生物克隆取得突破,最大的好处是培养大量品质优良的家畜,丰富人们的物质生活,使畜牧业的成本降低,效率提高,还可提供某些药物原料,以提高人类免疫功能等等。在小羊多利之前,罗斯林研究所曾培育出一只奶中含治疗血友病药物原料的转基因羊,一家公司以50万英镑的高价买去。如果利用体细胞大批“复制”这只羊,就可挽救更多患者的生命。另外,利用克隆技术可以大量复制珍稀动物,挽救濒危物种,调节大自然的生态平衡,为人类造福,何来忧患呢?

    当然,克隆技术也可能带来负面影响,一些克隆动物在遗传上是全等的,一种特定病毒或其它疾病的感染,将会带来灾难,如果无计划克隆动物,会扰乱物种的进化规律,干扰性别比例,对生物界的人为控制会带来许多意想不到的危害。但只要采取相应的研究对策,制订科学的克隆计划,这种负效应就可以避免。