填上“＞”、“＜”或“=”

现在常用的动圈式耳机，它的构造跟扬声器相同，不过耳机的体积小很多。右图是动圈式话筒，其构造也和动圈式耳机类似。因此，用两只动圈式耳机就可以做一部最简单的电话：一只耳机当话筒，另一只当听筒，两耳机之间用一对导线连起来，对着一只耳机说话，在另一只耳机里就能听到说话声。这部电话是没有电池的，从能量转化的角度看，一只耳机是磁生电，另一只耳机是电生磁。请问：磁生电和电生磁的两只耳机，哪个是话筒？哪个是听筒？

已知，则的值为（   ）

        Tom and Fred were talking about the year 2050.
　　“What will 1 be like in the year 2050?” asked Tom.
　　“I don't know,” said Fred. “What do you think?”
　　“Well, no one knows. But it is 2 to guess,” said Tom. “In the year 2050 everybody will carry a pocket (袖珍) 3. The computer will give people the 4 to all their problems. We shall all have telephones in our pockets,5 . And we'll be able to talk to our friends all over the world. Perhaps(也许) we’ll be able to 6 them at the same time. Machines will do 7of the work, and people will have more8. Perhaps they will work only two or three days a week. They will be able to fly to the moon by spaceship and spend their holidays there.”
　　“I'm very 9to hear that. I hope to fly to the moon. And I hope I'll be able to live 10,” said Fred. “Won't that be interesting? Just like a fish.”

《夫妻识字歌》唱道：“黑格隆冬天上，出呀出星星。黑板上写字，放呀么放光明。什么字，放光明？学习，学习二字我认得清。”这段材料反映的教育方针是（    ）